pyrox.dev
1# Release 20.09 ("Nightingale", 2020.10/27) {#sec-release-20.09}
2
3Support is planned until the end of June 2021, handing over to 21.05. (Plans [ have shifted](https://github.com/NixOS/rfcs/blob/master/rfcs/0080-nixos-release-schedule.md#core-changes) by two months since release of 20.09.)
4
5## Highlights {#sec-release-20.09-highlights}
6
7In addition to 7349 new, 14442 updated, and 8181 removed packages, this release has the following highlights:
8
9- Core version changes:
10
11 - gcc: 9.2.0 -\> 9.3.0
12
13 - glibc: 2.30 -\> 2.31
14
15 - linux: still defaults to 5.4.x, all supported kernels available
16
17 - mesa: 19.3.5 -\> 20.1.7
18
19- Desktop Environments:
20
21 - plasma5: 5.17.5 -\> 5.18.5
22
23 - kdeApplications: 19.12.3 -\> 20.08.1
24
25 - gnome3: 3.34 -\> 3.36, see its [release notes](https://help.gnome.org/misc/release-notes/3.36/)
26
27 - cinnamon: added at 4.6
28
29 - NixOS now distributes an official [GNOME ISO](https://nixos.org/download.html#nixos-iso)
30
31- Programming Languages and Frameworks:
32
33 - Agda ecosystem was heavily reworked (see more details below)
34
35 - PHP now defaults to PHP 7.4, updated from 7.3
36
37 - PHP 7.2 is no longer supported due to upstream not supporting this version for the entire lifecycle of the 20.09 release
38
39 - Python 3 now defaults to Python 3.8 instead of 3.7
40
41 - Python 3.5 reached its upstream EOL at the end of September 2020: it has been removed from the list of available packages
42
43- Databases and Service Monitoring:
44
45 - MariaDB has been updated to 10.4, MariaDB Galera to 26.4. Please read the related upgrade instructions under [backwards incompatibilities](#sec-release-20.09-incompatibilities) before upgrading.
46
47 - Zabbix now defaults to 5.0, updated from 4.4. Please read related sections under [backwards compatibilities](#sec-release-20.09-incompatibilities) before upgrading.
48
49- Major module changes:
50
51 - Quickly configure a complete, private, self-hosted video conferencing solution with the new Jitsi Meet module.
52
53 - Two new options, [authorizedKeysCommand](options.html#opt-services.openssh.authorizedKeysCommand) and [authorizedKeysCommandUser](options.html#opt-services.openssh.authorizedKeysCommandUser), have been added to the `openssh` module. If you have `AuthorizedKeysCommand` in your [services.openssh.extraConfig](options.html#opt-services.openssh.extraConfig) you should make use of these new options instead.
54
55 - There is a new module for Podman (`virtualisation.podman`), a drop-in replacement for the Docker command line.
56
57 - The new `virtualisation.containers` module manages configuration shared by the CRI-O and Podman modules.
58
59 - Declarative Docker containers are renamed from `docker-containers` to `virtualisation.oci-containers.containers`. This is to make it possible to use `podman` instead of `docker`.
60
61 - The new option [documentation.man.generateCaches](options.html#opt-documentation.man.generateCaches) has been added to automatically generate the `man-db` caches, which are needed by utilities like `whatis` and `apropos`. The caches are generated during the build of the NixOS configuration: since this can be expensive when a large number of packages are installed, the feature is disabled by default.
62
63 - `services.postfix.sslCACert` was replaced by `services.postfix.tlsTrustedAuthorities` which now defaults to system certificate authorities.
64
65 - The various documented workarounds to use steam have been converted to a module. `programs.steam.enable` enables steam, controller support and the workarounds.
66
67 - Support for built-in LCDs in various pieces of Logitech hardware (keyboards and USB speakers). `hardware.logitech.lcd.enable` enables support for all hardware supported by the [g15daemon project](https://sourceforge.net/projects/g15daemon/).
68
69 - The GRUB module gained support for basic password protection, which allows to restrict non-default entries in the boot menu to one or more users. The users and passwords are defined via the option `boot.loader.grub.users`. Note: Password support is only available in GRUB version 2.
70
71- NixOS module changes:
72
73 - The NixOS module system now supports freeform modules as a mix between `types.attrsOf` and `types.submodule`. These allow you to explicitly declare a subset of options while still permitting definitions without an associated option. See [](#sec-freeform-modules) for how to use them.
74
75 - Following its deprecation in 20.03, the Perl NixOS test driver has been removed. All remaining tests have been ported to the Python test framework. Code outside nixpkgs using `make-test.nix` or `testing.nix` needs to be ported to `make-test-python.nix` and `testing-python.nix` respectively.
76
77 - Subordinate GID and UID mappings are now set up automatically for all normal users. This will make container tools like Podman work as non-root users out of the box.
78
79- Starting with this release, the hydra-build-result `nixos-YY.MM` branches no longer exist in the [deprecated nixpkgs-channels repository](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs-channels). These branches are now in [the main nixpkgs repository](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs).
80
81## New Services {#sec-release-20.09-new-services}
82
83In addition to 1119 new, 118 updated, and 476 removed options; 61 new modules were added since the last release:
84
85- Hardware:
86
87 - [hardware.system76.firmware-daemon.enable](options.html#opt-hardware.system76.firmware-daemon.enable) adds easy support of system76 firmware
88
89 - [hardware.uinput.enable](options.html#opt-hardware.uinput.enable) loads uinput kernel module
90
91 - [hardware.video.hidpi.enable](options.html#opt-hardware.video.hidpi.enable) enable good defaults for HiDPI displays
92
93 - [hardware.wooting.enable](options.html#opt-hardware.wooting.enable) support for Wooting keyboards
94
95 - [hardware.xpadneo.enable](options.html#opt-hardware.xpadneo.enable) xpadneo driver for Xbox One wireless controllers
96
97- Programs:
98
99 - [programs.hamster.enable](options.html#opt-programs.hamster.enable) enable hamster time tracking
100
101 - [programs.steam.enable](options.html#opt-programs.steam.enable) adds easy enablement of steam and related system configuration
102
103- Security:
104
105 - [security.doas.enable](options.html#opt-security.doas.enable) alternative to sudo, allows non-root users to execute commands as root
106
107 - [security.tpm2.enable](options.html#opt-security.tpm2.enable) add Trusted Platform Module 2 support
108
109- System:
110
111 - [boot.initrd.network.openvpn.enable](options.html#opt-boot.initrd.network.openvpn.enable) start an OpenVPN client during initrd boot
112
113- Virtualization:
114
115 - [boot.enableContainers](options.html#opt-boot.enableContainers) use nixos-containers
116
117 - [virtualisation.oci-containers.containers](options.html#opt-virtualisation.oci-containers.containers) run OCI (Docker) containers
118
119 - [virtualisation.podman.enable](options.html#opt-virtualisation.podman.enable) daemonless container engine
120
121- Services:
122
123 - `services.ankisyncd.enable` Anki sync server
124
125 - [services.bazarr.enable](options.html#opt-services.bazarr.enable) Subtitle manager for Sonarr and Radarr
126
127 - [services.biboumi.enable](options.html#opt-services.biboumi.enable) Biboumi XMPP gateway to IRC
128
129 - [services.blockbook-frontend](options.html#opt-services.blockbook-frontend) Blockbook-frontend, a service for the Trezor wallet
130
131 - [services.cage.enable](options.html#opt-services.cage.enable) Wayland cage service
132
133 - [services.convos.enable](options.html#opt-services.convos.enable) IRC daemon, which can be accessed through the browser
134
135 - [services.engelsystem.enable](options.html#opt-services.engelsystem.enable) Tool for coordinating volunteers and shifts on large events
136
137 - [services.espanso.enable](options.html#opt-services.espanso.enable) text-expander written in rust
138
139 - [services.foldingathome.enable](options.html#opt-services.foldingathome.enable) Folding\@home client
140
141 - [services.gerrit.enable](options.html#opt-services.gerrit.enable) Web-based team code collaboration tool
142
143 - [services.go-neb.enable](options.html#opt-services.go-neb.enable) Matrix bot
144
145 - [services.hardware.xow.enable](options.html#opt-services.hardware.xow.enable) xow as a systemd service
146
147 - [services.hercules-ci-agent.enable](options.html#opt-services.hercules-ci-agent.enable) Hercules CI build agent
148
149 - [services.jicofo.enable](options.html#opt-services.jicofo.enable) Jitsi Conference Focus, component of Jitsi Meet
150
151 - [services.jirafeau.enable](options.html#opt-services.jirafeau.enable) A web file repository
152
153 - [services.jitsi-meet.enable](options.html#opt-services.jitsi-meet.enable) Secure, simple and scalable video conferences
154
155 - [services.jitsi-videobridge.enable](options.html#opt-services.jitsi-videobridge.enable) Jitsi Videobridge, a WebRTC compatible router
156
157 - [services.jupyterhub.enable](options.html#opt-services.jupyterhub.enable) Jupyterhub development server
158
159 - [services.k3s.enable](options.html#opt-services.k3s.enable) Lightweight Kubernetes distribution
160
161 - [services.magic-wormhole-mailbox-server.enable](options.html#opt-services.magic-wormhole-mailbox-server.enable) Magic Wormhole Mailbox Server
162
163 - [services.malcontent.enable](options.html#opt-services.malcontent.enable) Parental Control support
164
165 - [services.matrix-appservice-discord.enable](options.html#opt-services.matrix-appservice-discord.enable) Matrix and Discord bridge
166
167 - [services.mautrix-telegram.enable](options.html#opt-services.mautrix-telegram.enable) Matrix-Telegram puppeting/relaybot bridge
168
169 - [services.mirakurun.enable](options.html#opt-services.mirakurun.enable) Japanese DTV Tuner Server Service
170
171 - [services.molly-brown.enable](options.html#opt-services.molly-brown.enable) Molly-Brown Gemini server
172
173 - [services.mullvad-vpn.enable](options.html#opt-services.mullvad-vpn.enable) Mullvad VPN daemon
174
175 - [services.ncdns.enable](options.html#opt-services.ncdns.enable) Namecoin to DNS bridge
176
177 - [services.nextdns.enable](options.html#opt-services.nextdns.enable) NextDNS to DoH Proxy service
178
179 - [services.nix-store-gcs-proxy](options.html#opt-services.nix-store-gcs-proxy) Google storage bucket to be used as a nix store
180
181 - [services.onedrive.enable](options.html#opt-services.onedrive.enable) OneDrive sync service
182
183 - [services.pinnwand.enable](options.html#opt-services.pinnwand.enable) Pastebin-like service
184
185 - [services.pixiecore.enable](options.html#opt-services.pixiecore.enable) Manage network booting of machines
186
187 - [services.privacyidea.enable](options.html#opt-services.privacyidea.enable) Privacy authentication server
188
189 - [services.quorum.enable](options.html#opt-services.quorum.enable) Quorum blockchain daemon
190
191 - [services.robustirc-bridge.enable](options.html#opt-services.robustirc-bridge.enable) RobustIRC bridge
192
193 - [services.rss-bridge.enable](options.html#opt-services.rss-bridge.enable) Generate RSS and Atom feeds
194
195 - [services.rtorrent.enable](options.html#opt-services.rtorrent.enable) rTorrent service
196
197 - [services.smartdns.enable](options.html#opt-services.smartdns.enable) SmartDNS DNS server
198
199 - [services.sogo.enable](options.html#opt-services.sogo.enable) SOGo groupware
200
201 - [services.teeworlds.enable](options.html#opt-services.teeworlds.enable) Teeworlds game server
202
203 - [services.torque.mom.enable](options.html#opt-services.torque.mom.enable) torque computing node
204
205 - [services.torque.server.enable](options.html#opt-services.torque.server.enable) torque server
206
207 - [services.tuptime.enable](options.html#opt-services.tuptime.enable) A total uptime service
208
209 - [services.urserver.enable](options.html#opt-services.urserver.enable) X11 remote server
210
211 - [services.wasabibackend.enable](options.html#opt-services.wasabibackend.enable) Wasabi backend service
212
213 - [services.yubikey-agent.enable](options.html#opt-services.yubikey-agent.enable) Yubikey agent
214
215 - [services.zigbee2mqtt.enable](options.html#opt-services.zigbee2mqtt.enable) Zigbee to MQTT bridge
216
217## Backward Incompatibilities {#sec-release-20.09-incompatibilities}
218
219When upgrading from a previous release, please be aware of the following incompatible changes:
220
221- MariaDB has been updated to 10.4, MariaDB Galera to 26.4. Before you upgrade, it would be best to take a backup of your database. For MariaDB Galera Cluster, see [Upgrading from MariaDB 10.3 to MariaDB 10.4 with Galera Cluster](https://mariadb.com/kb/en/upgrading-from-mariadb-103-to-mariadb-104-with-galera-cluster/) instead. Before doing the upgrade read [Incompatible Changes Between 10.3 and 10.4](https://mariadb.com/kb/en/upgrading-from-mariadb-103-to-mariadb-104/#incompatible-changes-between-103-and-104). After the upgrade you will need to run `mysql_upgrade`. MariaDB 10.4 introduces a number of changes to the authentication process, intended to make things easier and more intuitive. See [Authentication from MariaDB 10.4](https://mariadb.com/kb/en/authentication-from-mariadb-104/). unix_socket auth plugin does not use a password, and uses the connecting user's UID instead. When a new MariaDB data directory is initialized, two MariaDB users are created and can be used with new unix_socket auth plugin, as well as traditional mysql_native_password plugin: root\@localhost and mysql\@localhost. To actually use the traditional mysql_native_password plugin method, one must run the following:
222
223 ```nix
224 {
225 services.mysql.initialScript = pkgs.writeText "mariadb-init.sql" ''
226 ALTER USER root@localhost IDENTIFIED VIA mysql_native_password USING PASSWORD("verysecret");
227 '';
228 }
229 ```
230
231 When MariaDB data directory is just upgraded (not initialized), the users are not created or modified.
232
233- MySQL server is now started with additional systemd sandbox/hardening options for better security. The PrivateTmp, ProtectHome, and ProtectSystem options may be problematic when MySQL is attempting to read from or write to your filesystem anywhere outside of its own state directory, for example when calling `LOAD DATA INFILE or SELECT * INTO OUTFILE`. In this scenario a variant of the following may be required: - allow MySQL to read from /home and /tmp directories when using `LOAD DATA INFILE`
234
235 ```nix
236 {
237 systemd.services.mysql.serviceConfig.ProtectHome = lib.mkForce "read-only";
238 }
239 ```
240
241 \- allow MySQL to write to custom folder `/var/data` when using `SELECT * INTO OUTFILE`, assuming the mysql user has write access to `/var/data`
242
243 ```nix
244 {
245 systemd.services.mysql.serviceConfig.ReadWritePaths = [ "/var/data" ];
246 }
247 ```
248
249 The MySQL service no longer runs its `systemd` service startup script as `root` anymore. A dedicated non `root` super user account is required for operation. This means users with an existing MySQL or MariaDB database server are required to run the following SQL statements as a super admin user before upgrading:
250
251 ```SQL
252 CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS 'mysql'@'localhost' identified with unix_socket;
253 GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'mysql'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
254 ```
255
256 If you use MySQL instead of MariaDB please replace `unix_socket` with `auth_socket`. If you have changed the value of [services.mysql.user](options.html#opt-services.mysql.user) from the default of `mysql` to a different user please change `'mysql'@'localhost'` to the corresponding user instead.
257
258- Zabbix now defaults to 5.0, updated from 4.4. Please carefully read through [the upgrade guide](https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/current/manual/installation/upgrade/sources) and apply any changes required. Be sure to take special note of the section on [enabling extended range of numeric (float) values](https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/current/manual/installation/upgrade_notes_500#enabling_extended_range_of_numeric_float_values) as you will need to apply this database migration manually.
259
260 If you are using Zabbix Server with a MySQL or MariaDB database you should note that using a character set of `utf8` and a collate of `utf8_bin` has become mandatory with this release. See the upstream [issue](https://support.zabbix.com/browse/ZBX-17357) for further discussion. Before upgrading you should check the character set and collation used by your database and ensure they are correct:
261
262 ```SQL
263 SELECT
264 default_character_set_name,
265 default_collation_name
266 FROM
267 information_schema.schemata
268 WHERE
269 schema_name = 'zabbix';
270 ```
271
272 If these values are not correct you should take a backup of your database and convert the character set and collation as required. Here is an [example](https://www.zabbix.com/forum/zabbix-help/396573-reinstall-after-upgrade?p=396891#post396891) of how to do so, taken from the Zabbix forums:
273
274 ```SQL
275 ALTER DATABASE `zabbix` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin;
276
277 -- the following will produce a list of SQL commands you should subsequently execute
278 SELECT CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", TABLE_NAME," CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin;") AS ExecuteTheString
279 FROM information_schema.`COLUMNS`
280 WHERE table_schema = "zabbix" AND COLLATION_NAME = "utf8_general_ci";
281 ```
282
283- maxx package removed along with `services.xserver.desktopManager.maxx` module. Please migrate to cdesktopenv and `services.xserver.desktopManager.cde` module.
284
285- The [matrix-synapse](options.html#opt-services.matrix-synapse.enable) module no longer includes optional dependencies by default, they have to be added through the [plugins](options.html#opt-services.matrix-synapse.plugins) option.
286
287- `buildGoModule` now internally creates a vendor directory in the source tree for downloaded modules instead of using go's [module proxy protocol](https://golang.org/cmd/go/#hdr-Module_proxy_protocol). This storage format is simpler and therefore less likely to break with future versions of go. As a result `buildGoModule` switched from `modSha256` to the `vendorSha256` attribute to pin fetched version data.
288
289- Grafana is now built without support for phantomjs by default. Phantomjs support has been [deprecated in Grafana](https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/guides/whats-new-in-v6-4/) and the phantomjs project is [currently unmaintained](https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs/issues/15344#issue-302015362). It can still be enabled by providing `phantomJsSupport = true` to the package instantiation:
290
291 ```nix
292 {
293 services.grafana.package = pkgs.grafana.overrideAttrs (oldAttrs: rec {
294 phantomJsSupport = true;
295 });
296 }
297 ```
298
299- The [supybot](options.html#opt-services.supybot.enable) module now uses `/var/lib/supybot` as its default [stateDir](options.html#opt-services.supybot.stateDir) path if `stateVersion` is 20.09 or higher. It also enables a number of [systemd sandboxing options](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#Sandboxing) which may possibly interfere with some plugins. If this is the case you can disable the options through attributes in `systemd.services.supybot.serviceConfig`.
300
301- The `security.duosec.skey` option, which stored a secret in the nix store, has been replaced by a new [security.duosec.secretKeyFile](options.html#opt-security.duosec.secretKeyFile) option for better security.
302
303 `security.duosec.ikey` has been renamed to [security.duosec.integrationKey](options.html#opt-security.duosec.integrationKey).
304
305- `vmware` has been removed from the `services.x11.videoDrivers` defaults. For VMWare guests set `virtualisation.vmware.guest.enable` to `true` which will include the appropriate drivers.
306
307- The initrd SSH support now uses OpenSSH rather than Dropbear to allow the use of Ed25519 keys and other OpenSSH-specific functionality. Host keys must now be in the OpenSSH format, and at least one pre-generated key must be specified.
308
309 If you used the `boot.initrd.network.ssh.host*Key` options, you'll get an error explaining how to convert your host keys and migrate to the new `boot.initrd.network.ssh.hostKeys` option. Otherwise, if you don't have any host keys set, you'll need to generate some; see the `hostKeys` option documentation for instructions.
310
311- Since this release there's an easy way to customize your PHP install to get a much smaller base PHP with only wanted extensions enabled. See the following snippet installing a smaller PHP with the extensions `imagick`, `opcache`, `pdo` and `pdo_mysql` loaded:
312
313 ```nix
314 {
315 environment.systemPackages = [
316 (pkgs.php.withExtensions
317 ({ all, ... }: with all; [
318 imagick
319 opcache
320 pdo
321 pdo_mysql
322 ])
323 )
324 ];
325 }
326 ```
327
328 The default `php` attribute hasn't lost any extensions. The `opcache` extension has been added. All upstream PHP extensions are available under php.extensions.\<name?\>.
329
330 All PHP `config` flags have been removed for the following reasons:
331
332- The updated `php` attribute is now easily customizable to your liking by using `php.withExtensions` or `php.buildEnv` instead of writing config files or changing configure flags.
333
334- The remaining configuration flags can now be set directly on the `php` attribute. For example, instead of
335
336 ```nix
337 php.override {
338 config.php.embed = true;
339 config.php.apxs2 = false;
340 }
341 ```
342
343 you should now write
344
345 ```nix
346 php.override {
347 embedSupport = true;
348 apxs2Support = false;
349 }
350 ```
351
352- The ACME module has been overhauled for simplicity and maintainability. Cert generation now implicitly uses the `acme` user, and the `security.acme.certs._name_.user` option has been removed. Instead, certificate access from other services is now managed through group permissions. The module no longer runs lego twice under certain conditions, and will correctly renew certificates if their configuration is changed. Services which reload nginx and httpd after certificate renewal are now properly configured too so you no longer have to do this manually if you are using HTTPS enabled virtual hosts. A mechanism for regenerating certs on demand has also been added and documented.
353
354- Gollum received a major update to version 5.x and you may have to change some links in your wiki when migrating from gollum 4.x. More information can be found [here](https://github.com/gollum/gollum/wiki/5.0-release-notes#migrating-your-wiki).
355
356- Deluge 2.x was added and is used as default for new NixOS installations where stateVersion is \>= 20.09. If you are upgrading from a previous NixOS version, you can set `service.deluge.package = pkgs.deluge-2_x` to upgrade to Deluge 2.x and migrate the state to the new format. Be aware that backwards state migrations are not supported by Deluge.
357
358- Nginx web server now starting with additional sandbox/hardening options. By default, write access to `/var/log/nginx` and `/var/cache/nginx` is allowed. To allow writing to other folders, use `systemd.services.nginx.serviceConfig.ReadWritePaths`
359
360 ```nix
361 {
362 systemd.services.nginx.serviceConfig.ReadWritePaths = [ "/var/www" ];
363 }
364 ```
365
366 Nginx is also started with the systemd option `ProtectHome = mkDefault true;` which forbids it to read anything from `/home`, `/root` and `/run/user` (see [ProtectHome docs](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectHome=) for details). If you require serving files from home directories, you may choose to set e.g.
367
368 ```nix
369 {
370 systemd.services.nginx.serviceConfig.ProtectHome = "read-only";
371 }
372 ```
373
374- The NixOS options `nesting.clone` and `nesting.children` have been deleted, and replaced with named [specialisation](options.html#opt-specialisation) configurations.
375
376 Replace a `nesting.clone` entry with:
377
378 ```nix
379 {
380 specialisation.example-sub-configuration = {
381 configuration = {
382 # ...
383 };
384 };
385 }
386 ```
387
388 Replace a `nesting.children` entry with:
389
390 ```nix
391 {
392 specialisation.example-sub-configuration = {
393 inheritParentConfig = false;
394 configuration = {
395 # ...
396 };
397 };
398 }
399 ```
400
401 To switch to a specialised configuration at runtime you need to run:
402
403 ```ShellSession
404 $ sudo /run/current-system/specialisation/example-sub-configuration/bin/switch-to-configuration test
405 ```
406
407 Before you would have used:
408
409 ```ShellSession
410 $ sudo /run/current-system/fine-tune/child-1/bin/switch-to-configuration test
411 ```
412
413- The Nginx log directory has been moved to `/var/log/nginx`, the cache directory to `/var/cache/nginx`. The option `services.nginx.stateDir` has been removed.
414
415- The httpd web server previously started its main process as root privileged, then ran worker processes as a less privileged identity user. This was changed to start all of httpd as a less privileged user (defined by [services.httpd.user](options.html#opt-services.httpd.user) and [services.httpd.group](options.html#opt-services.httpd.group)). As a consequence, all files that are needed for httpd to run (included configuration fragments, SSL certificates and keys, etc.) must now be readable by this less privileged user/group.
416
417 The default value for [services.httpd.mpm](options.html#opt-services.httpd.mpm) has been changed from `prefork` to `event`. Along with this change the default value for [services.httpd.virtualHosts.\<name\>.http2](options.html#opt-services.httpd.virtualHosts) has been set to `true`.
418
419- The `systemd-networkd` option `systemd.network.networks.<name>.dhcp.CriticalConnection` has been removed following upstream systemd's deprecation of the same. It is recommended to use `systemd.network.networks.<name>.networkConfig.KeepConfiguration` instead. See systemd.network 5 for details.
420
421- The `systemd-networkd` option `systemd.network.networks._name_.dhcpConfig` has been renamed to [systemd.network.networks._name_.dhcpV4Config](options.html#opt-systemd.network.networks._name_.dhcpV4Config) following upstream systemd's documentation change. See systemd.network 5 for details.
422
423- In the `picom` module, several options that accepted floating point numbers encoded as strings (for example [services.picom.activeOpacity](options.html#opt-services.picom.activeOpacity)) have been changed to the (relatively) new native `float` type. To migrate your configuration remove the quotes around the numbers.
424
425- When using `buildBazelPackage` from Nixpkgs, `flat` hash mode is now used for dependencies instead of `recursive`. This is to better allow using hashed mirrors where needed. As a result, these hashes will have changed.
426
427- The syntax of the PostgreSQL configuration file is now checked at build time. If your configuration includes a file inaccessible inside the build sandbox, set `services.postgresql.checkConfig` to `false`.
428
429- The rkt module has been removed, it was archived by upstream.
430
431- The [Bazaar](https://bazaar.canonical.com) VCS is unmaintained and, as consequence of the Python 2 EOL, the packages `bazaar` and `bazaarTools` were removed. Breezy, the backward compatible fork of Bazaar (see the [announcement](https://www.jelmer.uk/breezy-intro.html)), was packaged as `breezy` and can be used instead.
432
433 Regarding Nixpkgs, `fetchbzr`, `nix-prefetch-bzr` and Bazaar support in Hydra will continue to work through Breezy.
434
435- In addition to the hostname, the fully qualified domain name (FQDN), which consists of `${networking.hostName}` and `${networking.domain}` is now added to `/etc/hosts`, to allow local FQDN resolution, as used by the `hostname --fqdn` command and other applications that try to determine the FQDN. These new entries take precedence over entries from the DNS which could cause regressions in some very specific setups. Additionally the hostname is now resolved to `127.0.0.2` instead of `127.0.1.1` to be consistent with what `nss-myhostname` (from systemd) returns. The old behaviour can e.g. be restored by using `networking.hosts = lib.mkForce { "127.0.1.1" = [ config.networking.hostName ]; };`.
436
437- The hostname (`networking.hostName`) must now be a valid DNS label (see RFC 1035, RFC 1123) and as such must not contain the domain part. This means that the hostname must start with a letter or digit, end with a letter or digit, and have as interior characters only letters, digits, and hyphen. The maximum length is 63 characters. Additionally it is recommended to only use lower-case characters. If (e.g. for legacy reasons) a FQDN is required as the Linux kernel network node hostname (`uname --nodename`) the option `boot.kernel.sysctl."kernel.hostname"` can be used as a workaround (but be aware of the 64 character limit).
438
439- The GRUB specific option `boot.loader.grub.extraInitrd` has been replaced with the generic option `boot.initrd.secrets`. This option creates a secondary initrd from the specified files, rather than using a manually created initrd file. Due to an existing bug with `boot.loader.grub.extraInitrd`, it is not possible to directly boot an older generation that used that option. It is still possible to rollback to that generation if the required initrd file has not been deleted.
440
441- The [DNSChain](https://github.com/okTurtles/dnschain) package and NixOS module have been removed from Nixpkgs as the software is unmaintained and can't be built. For more information see issue [\#89205](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/89205).
442
443- In the `resilio` module, [services.resilio.httpListenAddr](options.html#opt-services.resilio.httpListenAddr) has been changed to listen to `[::1]` instead of `0.0.0.0`.
444
445- `sslh` has been updated to version `1.21`. The `ssl` probe must be renamed to `tls` in [services.sslh.appendConfig](options.html#opt-services.sslh.appendConfig).
446
447- Users of [OpenAFS 1.6](http://openafs.org) must upgrade their services to OpenAFS 1.8! In this release, the OpenAFS package version 1.6.24 is marked broken but can be used during transition to OpenAFS 1.8.x. Use the options `services.openafsClient.packages.module`, `services.openafsClient.packages.programs` and `services.openafsServer.package` to select a different OpenAFS package. OpenAFS 1.6 will be removed in the next release. The package `openafs` and the service options will then silently point to the OpenAFS 1.8 release.
448
449 See also the OpenAFS [Administrator Guide](http://docs.openafs.org/AdminGuide/index.html) for instructions. Beware of the following when updating servers:
450
451 - The storage format of the server key has changed and the key must be converted before running the new release.
452
453 - When updating multiple database servers, turn off the database servers from the highest IP down to the lowest with resting periods in between. Start up in reverse order. Do not concurrently run database servers working with different OpenAFS releases!
454
455 - Update servers first, then clients.
456
457- Radicale's default package has changed from 2.x to 3.x. An upgrade checklist can be found [here](https://github.com/Kozea/Radicale/blob/3.0.x/NEWS.md#upgrade-checklist). You can use the newer version in the NixOS service by setting the `package` to `radicale3`, which is done automatically if `stateVersion` is 20.09 or higher.
458
459- `udpt` experienced a complete rewrite from C++ to rust. The configuration format changed from ini to toml. The new configuration documentation can be found at [the official website](https://naim94a.github.io/udpt/config.html) and example configuration is packaged in `${udpt}/share/udpt/udpt.toml`.
460
461- We now have a unified [services.xserver.displayManager.autoLogin](options.html#opt-services.xserver.displayManager.autoLogin) option interface to be used for every display-manager in NixOS.
462
463- The `bitcoind` module has changed to multi-instance, using submodules. Therefore, it is now mandatory to name each instance. To use this new multi-instance config with an existing bitcoind data directory and user, you have to adjust the original config, e.g.:
464
465 ```nix
466 {
467 services.bitcoind = {
468 enable = true;
469 extraConfig = "...";
470 # ...
471 };
472 }
473 ```
474
475 To something similar:
476
477 ```nix
478 {
479 services.bitcoind.mainnet = {
480 enable = true;
481 dataDir = "/var/lib/bitcoind";
482 user = "bitcoin";
483 extraConfig = "...";
484 # ...
485 };
486 }
487 ```
488
489 The key settings are:
490
491 - `dataDir` - to continue using the same data directory.
492
493 - `user` - to continue using the same user so that bitcoind maintains access to its files.
494
495- Graylog introduced a change in the LDAP server certificate validation behaviour for version 3.3.3 which might break existing setups. When updating Graylog from a version before 3.3.3 make sure to check the Graylog [release info](https://www.graylog.org/post/announcing-graylog-v3-3-3) for information on how to avoid the issue.
496
497- The `dokuwiki` module has changed to multi-instance, using submodules. Therefore, it is now mandatory to name each instance. Moreover, forcing SSL by default has been dropped, so `nginx.forceSSL` and `nginx.enableACME` are no longer set to `true`. To continue using your service with the original SSL settings, you have to adjust the original config, e.g.:
498
499 ```nix
500 {
501 services.dokuwiki = {
502 enable = true;
503 # ...
504 };
505 }
506 ```
507
508 To something similar:
509
510 ```nix
511 {
512 services.dokuwiki."mywiki" = {
513 enable = true;
514 nginx = {
515 forceSSL = true;
516 enableACME = true;
517 };
518 # ...
519 };
520 }
521 ```
522
523 The base package has also been upgraded to the 2020-07-29 "Hogfather" release. Plugins might be incompatible or require upgrading.
524
525- The [services.postgresql.dataDir](options.html#opt-services.postgresql.dataDir) option is now set to `"/var/lib/postgresql/${cfg.package.psqlSchema}"` regardless of your [system.stateVersion](options.html#opt-system.stateVersion). Users with an existing postgresql install that have a [system.stateVersion](options.html#opt-system.stateVersion) of `17.03` or below should double check what the value of their [services.postgresql.dataDir](options.html#opt-services.postgresql.dataDir) option is (`/var/db/postgresql`) and then explicitly set this value to maintain compatibility:
526
527 ```nix
528 {
529 services.postgresql.dataDir = "/var/db/postgresql";
530 }
531 ```
532
533 The postgresql module now expects there to be a database super user account called `postgres` regardless of your [system.stateVersion](options.html#opt-system.stateVersion). Users with an existing postgresql install that have a [system.stateVersion](options.html#opt-system.stateVersion) of `17.03` or below should run the following SQL statements as a database super admin user before upgrading:
534
535 ```SQL
536 CREATE ROLE postgres LOGIN SUPERUSER;
537 ```
538
539- The USBGuard module now removes options and instead hardcodes values for `IPCAccessControlFiles`, `ruleFiles`, and `auditFilePath`. Audit logs can be found in the journal.
540
541- The NixOS module system now evaluates option definitions more strictly, allowing it to detect a larger set of problems. As a result, what previously evaluated may not do so anymore. See [the PR that changed this](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/82743#issuecomment-674520472) for more info.
542
543- For NixOS configuration options, the type `loaOf`, after its initial deprecation in release 20.03, has been removed. In NixOS and Nixpkgs options using this type have been converted to `attrsOf`. For more information on this change have look at these links: [issue \#1800](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/1800), [PR \#63103](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/63103).
544
545- `config.systemd.services.${name}.path` now returns a list of paths instead of a colon-separated string.
546
547- Caddy module now uses Caddy v2 by default. Caddy v1 can still be used by setting [services.caddy.package](options.html#opt-services.caddy.package) to `pkgs.caddy1`.
548
549 New option [services.caddy.adapter](options.html#opt-services.caddy.adapter) has been added.
550
551- The [jellyfin](options.html#opt-services.jellyfin.enable) module will use and stay on the Jellyfin version `10.5.5` if `stateVersion` is lower than `20.09`. This is because significant changes were made to the database schema, and it is highly recommended to backup your instance before upgrading. After making your backup, you can upgrade to the latest version either by setting your `stateVersion` to `20.09` or higher, or set the `services.jellyfin.package` to `pkgs.jellyfin`. If you do not wish to upgrade Jellyfin, but want to change your `stateVersion`, you can set the value of `services.jellyfin.package` to `pkgs.jellyfin_10_5`.
552
553- The `security.rngd` service is now disabled by default. This choice was made because there's krngd in the linux kernel space making it (for most usecases) functionally redundant.
554
555- The `hardware.nvidia.optimus_prime.enable` service has been renamed to `hardware.nvidia.prime.sync.enable` and has many new enhancements. Related nvidia prime settings may have also changed.
556
557- The package nextcloud17 has been removed and nextcloud18 was marked as insecure since both of them will [ will be EOL (end of life) within the lifetime of 20.09](https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/19/admin_manual/release_schedule.html).
558
559 It's necessary to upgrade to nextcloud19:
560
561 - From nextcloud17, you have to upgrade to nextcloud18 first as Nextcloud doesn't allow going multiple major revisions forward in a single upgrade. This is possible by setting [services.nextcloud.package](options.html#opt-services.nextcloud.package) to nextcloud18.
562
563 - From nextcloud18, it's possible to directly upgrade to nextcloud19 by setting [services.nextcloud.package](options.html#opt-services.nextcloud.package) to nextcloud19.
564
565- The GNOME desktop manager no longer default installs gnome3.epiphany. It was chosen to do this as it has a usability breaking issue (see issue [\#98819](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/98819)) that makes it unsuitable to be a default app.
566
567 ::: {.note}
568 Issue [\#98819](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/98819) is now fixed and gnome3.epiphany is once again installed by default.
569 :::
570
571- If you want to manage the configuration of wpa_supplicant outside of NixOS you must ensure that none of [networking.wireless.networks](options.html#opt-networking.wireless.networks), [networking.wireless.extraConfig](options.html#opt-networking.wireless.extraConfig) or [networking.wireless.userControlled.enable](options.html#opt-networking.wireless.userControlled.enable) is being used or `true`. Using any of those options will cause wpa_supplicant to be started with a NixOS generated configuration file instead of your own.
572
573## Other Notable Changes {#sec-release-20.09-notable-changes}
574
575- SD images are now compressed by default using `zstd`. The compression for ISO images has also been changed to `zstd`, but ISO images are still not compressed by default.
576
577- `services.journald.rateLimitBurst` was updated from `1000` to `10000` to follow the new upstream systemd default.
578
579- The notmuch package moves its emacs-related binaries and emacs lisp files to a separate output. They're not part of the default `out` output anymore - if you relied on the `notmuch-emacs-mua` binary or the emacs lisp files, access them via the `notmuch.emacs` output.
580
581- Device tree overlay support was improved in [\#79370](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/79370) and now uses [hardware.deviceTree.kernelPackage](options.html#opt-hardware.deviceTree.kernelPackage) instead of `hardware.deviceTree.base`. [hardware.deviceTree.overlays](options.html#opt-hardware.deviceTree.overlays) configuration was extended to support `.dts` files with symbols. Device trees can now be filtered by setting [hardware.deviceTree.filter](options.html#opt-hardware.deviceTree.filter) option.
582
583- The default output of `buildGoPackage` is now `$out` instead of `$bin`.
584
585- `buildGoModule` `doCheck` now defaults to `true`.
586
587- Packages built using `buildRustPackage` now use `release` mode for the `checkPhase` by default.
588
589 Please note that Rust packages utilizing a custom build/install procedure (e.g. by using a `Makefile`) or test suites that rely on the structure of the `target/` directory may break due to those assumptions. For further information, please read the Rust section in the Nixpkgs manual.
590
591- The cc- and binutils-wrapper's "infix salt" and `_BUILD_` and `_TARGET_` user infixes have been replaced with with a "suffix salt" and suffixes and `_FOR_BUILD` and `_FOR_TARGET`. This matches the autotools convention for env vars which standard for these things, making interfacing with other tools easier.
592
593- Additional Git documentation (HTML and text files) is now available via the `git-doc` package.
594
595- Default algorithm for ZRAM swap was changed to `zstd`.
596
597- The installer now enables sshd by default. This improves installation on headless machines especially ARM single-board-computer. To login through ssh, either a password or an ssh key must be set for the root user or the nixos user.
598
599- The scripted networking system now uses `.link` files in `/etc/systemd/network` to configure mac address and link MTU, instead of the sometimes buggy `network-link-*` units, which have been removed. Bringing the interface up has been moved to the beginning of the `network-addresses-*` unit. Note this doesn't require `systemd-networkd` - it's udev that parses `.link` files. Extra care needs to be taken in the presence of [legacy udev rules](https://wiki.debian.org/NetworkInterfaceNames#THE_.22PERSISTENT_NAMES.22_SCHEME) to rename interfaces, as MAC Address and MTU defined in these options can only match on the original link name. In such cases, you most likely want to create a `10-*.link` file through [systemd.network.links](options.html#opt-systemd.network.links) and set both name and MAC Address / MTU there.
600
601- Grafana received a major update to version 7.x. A plugin is now needed for image rendering support, and plugins must now be signed by default. More information can be found [in the Grafana documentation](https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/installation/upgrading/#upgrading-to-v7-0).
602
603- The `hardware.u2f` module, which was installing udev rules was removed, as udev gained native support to handle FIDO security tokens.
604
605- The `services.transmission` module was enhanced with the new options: [services.transmission.credentialsFile](options.html#opt-services.transmission.credentialsFile), [services.transmission.openFirewall](options.html#opt-services.transmission.openFirewall), and [services.transmission.performanceNetParameters](options.html#opt-services.transmission.performanceNetParameters).
606
607 `transmission-daemon` is now started with additional systemd sandbox/hardening options for better security. Please [report](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues) any use case where this is not working well. In particular, the `RootDirectory` option newly set forbids uploading or downloading a torrent outside of the default directory configured at [settings.download-dir](options.html#opt-services.transmission.settings). If you really need Transmission to access other directories, you must include those directories into the `BindPaths` of the service:
608
609 ```nix
610 {
611 systemd.services.transmission.serviceConfig.BindPaths = [ "/path/to/alternative/download-dir" ];
612 }
613 ```
614
615 Also, connection to the RPC (Remote Procedure Call) of `transmission-daemon` is now only available on the local network interface by default. Use:
616
617 ```nix
618 {
619 services.transmission.settings.rpc-bind-address = "0.0.0.0";
620 }
621 ```
622
623 to get the previous behavior of listening on all network interfaces.
624
625- With this release `systemd-networkd` (when enabled through [networking.useNetworkd](options.html#opt-networking.useNetworkd)) has it's netlink socket created through a `systemd.socket` unit. This gives us control over socket buffer sizes and other parameters. For larger setups where networkd has to create a lot of (virtual) devices the default buffer size (currently 128MB) is not enough.
626
627 On a machine with \>100 virtual interfaces (e.g., wireguard tunnels, VLANs, ...), that all have to be brought up during system startup, the receive buffer size will spike for a brief period. Eventually some of the message will be dropped since there is not enough (permitted) buffer space available.
628
629 By having `systemd-networkd` start with a netlink socket created by `systemd` we can configure the `ReceiveBufferSize=` parameter in the socket options (i.e. `systemd.sockets.systemd-networkd.socketOptions.ReceiveBufferSize`) without recompiling `systemd-networkd`.
630
631 Since the actual memory requirements depend on hardware, timing, exact configurations etc. it isn't currently possible to infer a good default from within the NixOS module system. Administrators are advised to monitor the logs of `systemd-networkd` for `rtnl: kernel receive buffer overrun` spam and increase the memory limit as they see fit.
632
633 Note: Increasing the `ReceiveBufferSize=` doesn't allocate any memory. It just increases the upper bound on the kernel side. The memory allocation depends on the amount of messages that are queued on the kernel side of the netlink socket.
634
635- Specifying [mailboxes](options.html#opt-services.dovecot2.mailboxes) in the dovecot2 module as a list is deprecated and will break eval in 21.05. Instead, an attribute-set should be specified where the `name` should be the key of the attribute.
636
637 This means that a configuration like this
638
639 ```nix
640 {
641 services.dovecot2.mailboxes = [
642 { name = "Junk";
643 auto = "create";
644 }
645 ];
646 }
647 ```
648
649 should now look like this:
650
651 ```nix
652 {
653 services.dovecot2.mailboxes = {
654 Junk.auto = "create";
655 };
656 }
657 ```
658
659- netbeans was upgraded to 12.0 and now defaults to OpenJDK 11. This might cause problems if your projects depend on packages that were removed in Java 11.
660
661- nextcloud has been updated to [v19](https://nextcloud.com/blog/nextcloud-hub-brings-productivity-to-home-office/).
662
663 If you have an existing installation, please make sure that you're on nextcloud18 before upgrading to nextcloud19 since Nextcloud doesn't support upgrades across multiple major versions.
664
665- The `nixos-run-vms` script now deletes the previous run machines states on test startup. You can use the `--keep-vm-state` flag to match the previous behaviour and keep the same VM state between different test runs.
666
667- The [nix.buildMachines](options.html#opt-nix.buildMachines) option is now type-checked. There are no functional changes, however this may require updating some configurations to use correct types for all attributes.
668
669- The `fontconfig` module stopped generating config and cache files for fontconfig 2.10.x, the `/etc/fonts/fonts.conf` now belongs to the latest fontconfig, just like on other Linux distributions, and we will [no longer](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/95358) be versioning the config directories.
670
671 Fontconfig 2.10.x was removed from Nixpkgs since it hasn't been used in any Nixpkgs package for years now.
672
673- Nginx module `nginxModules.fastcgi-cache-purge` renamed to official name `nginxModules.cache-purge`. Nginx module `nginxModules.ngx_aws_auth` renamed to official name `nginxModules.aws-auth`.
674
675- The option `defaultPackages` was added. It installs the packages perl, rsync and strace for now. They were added unconditionally to `systemPackages` before, but are not strictly necessary for a minimal NixOS install. You can set it to an empty list to have a more minimal system. Be aware that some functionality might still have an impure dependency on those packages, so things might break.
676
677- The `undervolt` option no longer needs to apply its settings every 30s. If they still become undone, open an issue and restore the previous behaviour using `undervolt.useTimer`.
678
679- Agda has been heavily reworked.
680
681 - `agda.mkDerivation` has been heavily changed and is now located at agdaPackages.mkDerivation.
682
683 - New top-level packages agda and `agda.withPackages` have been added, the second of which sets up agda with access to chosen libraries.
684
685 - All agda libraries now live under `agdaPackages`.
686
687 - Many broken libraries have been removed.
688
689 See the [new documentation](https://nixos.org/nixpkgs/manual/#agda) for more information.
690
691- The `deepin` package set has been removed from nixpkgs. It was a work in progress to package the [Deepin Desktop Environment (DDE)](https://www.deepin.org/en/dde/), including libraries, tools and applications, and it was still missing a service to launch the desktop environment. It has shown to no longer be a feasible goal due to reasons discussed in [issue \#94870](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/94870). The package `netease-cloud-music` has also been removed, as it depends on libraries from deepin.
692
693- The `opendkim` module now uses systemd sandboxing features to limit the exposure of the system towards the opendkim service.
694
695- Kubernetes has been upgraded to 1.19.1, which also means that the golang version to build it has been bumped to 1.15. This may have consequences for your existing clusters and their certificates. Please consider [ the release notes for Kubernetes 1.19 carefully ](https://relnotes.k8s.io/?markdown=93264) before upgrading.
696
697- For AMD GPUs, Vulkan can now be used by adding `amdvlk` to `hardware.opengl.extraPackages`.
698
699- Similarly, still for AMD GPUs, the ROCm OpenCL stack can now be used by adding `rocm-opencl-icd` to `hardware.opengl.extraPackages`.
700
701## Contributions {#sec-release-20.09-contributions}
702
703I, Jonathan Ringer, would like to thank the following individuals for their work on nixpkgs. This release could not be done without the hard work of the NixOS community. There were 31282 contributions across 1313 contributors.
704
7051. 2288 Mario Rodas
706
7072. 1837 Frederik Rietdijk
708
7093. 946 Jörg Thalheim
710
7114. 925 Maximilian Bosch
712
7135. 687 Jonathan Ringer
714
7156. 651 Jan Tojnar
716
7177. 622 Daniël de Kok
718
7198. 605 WORLDofPEACE
720
7219. 597 Florian Klink
722
72310. 528 José Romildo Malaquias
724
72511. 281 volth
726
72712. 101 Robert Scott
728
72913. 86 Tim Steinbach
730
73114. 76 WORLDofPEACE
732
73315. 49 Maximilian Bosch
734
73516. 42 Thomas Tuegel
736
73717. 37 Doron Behar
738
73918. 36 Vladimír Čunát
740
74119. 27 Jonathan Ringer
742
74320. 27 Maciej Krüger
744
745I, Jonathan Ringer, would also like to personally thank \@WORLDofPEACE for their help in mentoring me on the release process. Special thanks also goes to Thomas Tuegel for helping immensely with stabilizing Qt, KDE, and Plasma5; I would also like to thank Robert Scott for his numerous fixes and pull request reviews.