<#
.SYNOPSIS
    PowerShell strings
.DESCRIPTION
    Things to know about PowerShell strings
#>

'We can write a literal within single quotes'

'If we want to include an apostrophe in it''s string, just use two single quotes'

"If we use double quotes, we can include variables.  I swear this is $true"

"We can also include expressions.  Like everyone knows two plus two is $(2 + 2)"

@'
If we don't want to escape quotes, we can use a "here-string".

These start with @' and end with '@, but only if the closing '@ is at the start of the line
'@

@"
If we want to use variables or expressions, and don't want to escape quotes, we can use a double "here-string".

Then we know $true is $true, $false is $false, and 2+2 = $(2 +2). 
"@


"We can add strings in many ways"

"'String A'" + ' + ' + "'String B'"

"Or", "We", "Could", "Join", "Strings" -join ' '

"We", "Can", "Join", "By", "Any", "String" -join '...'

"We can also multiply strings"

"That way we don't have to"

"Repeat ourselves. " * 3

$myString = "Strings are objects, so we can find the last index of :"

$myString + $myString.LastIndexOf(':')

"We also have a bunch of regular expression operators"

"We can also split a string" -split '\s'

"We can replace something in a string" -replace "something", "anything"

"We can do some interesting string comparisons:"

"We can see if a string is -like a wildcard" -like '*like*'

"We can see if a string matches a pattern" -match 'pattern'

"If a pattern matches, then we will have matches in a $($matches) called `$matches"

"`$matches.0 will contain the $($matches.0) match"

@(
    
    "We can make strings out of lists of things"

    "Just emit the items one by one"

    "And, optionally -join them together"

) -join [Environment]::NewLine

@(
    "<p>This is actually a great way to make tags</p>"
)

@(
    "// it's also a good way to make classes"
    "class Foo {"
        "public void Bar() {"
        "}"
    "}"
) -join [Environment]::NewLine

"Last but not least, we can convert strings into things"

"<a>string that is xml can be coerced to xml with -as</a>" -as [xml]

[xml]"<or>we can cast it to xml by prefixing the type</or>"

"A string can become a number"

"The answer to life, the universe, and everything is:"

"42" -as [double]