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_journals/2025-06-12_1420.md

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       ---

     

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       title: "202506121420"

     

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       date: 2025-06-12, 14:20:12 +02:00

     

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       section: journal

     

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       link: https://justin.searls.co/posts/these-4-code-snippets-won-wwdc/

     

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       tags:

     

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         - Apple

     

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         - llm

     

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         - LocalAI

     

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         - ondeviceAI

     

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         - Swift

     

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       ---

     

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       [Justin Searls explains why to be excited](https://justin.searls.co/posts/these-4-code-snippets-won-wwdc/) about what Apple announced about LLMs at WWDC. One is that developers can do "free, unlimited invocation of Apple's on-device language models", so zero cost LLM features by using a user's own device. The rest is about native support in Swift for working with LLMs.

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_notes/Against the Dark Forest.md

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       ---

     

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       link: https://www.wrecka.ge/against-the-dark-forest/

     

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       author:

     

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         - Erin Kissane

     

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       published: 2024-11-22

     

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       tags:

     

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         - cozyweb

     

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         - darkforest

     

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       ---

     

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       Kissane argues for not ceding the public social Internet predators and having only the privileged exist in Cozy Web space.

     

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       > The complex of ideas I’m going to call the Dark Internet Forest emerges from mostly insidery tech thinking, but from multiple directions—initially in Kickstarter co-founder Yancey Strickler’s [freeform noticings](https://www.ystrickler.com/the-dark-forest-theory-of-the-internet/) that apply science fiction writer Liu Cixin's dark forest theory of the universe to social media, then in humanist all-arounder Maggie Appleton’s [illustrated tech notes](https://maggieappleton.com/cozy-web) [[Dark Forest and Cozy Web]]. It names an experience of paranoia and anxiety that by the end of the 2010s was widespread among people with meaningful connections between their online personas and their ability to maintain their standard of living. It hit a nerve, especially within some corners of tech-and-society thinking that influence internet makers. It even shows up in a [_New York Review of Books_ piece](https://www.nybooks.com/online/2024/05/04/more-real-than-life-i-saw-the-tv-glow/): a coup for something so initially modest.

     

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       One of the confusing points for me is that [[Dark Forest]] has ended up being explained in two opposite directions: what is listed below as "beneficial dark forests" is in fact the [[Cozy Web]] of permissioned spaces.

     

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       > For Strickler, the internet was becoming just such a perilous dark forest, stalked by shadowy forces. Or, one sentence later, it was becoming a series of beneficial dark forests that provide refuge for the imperiled. These protective forests included newsletters and podcasts, but also, “Slack channels, private Instagrams, invite-only message boards, text groups, Snapchat, WeChat, and on and on.”

     

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       > …

     

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       > here’s the idea that “dark forest” internet spaces serve as refuges because they’re “non-indexed, non-optimized, and non-gamified.” And further, that dark forest spaces grow “because they provide psychological and reputational cover. They allow us to be ourselves because we know who else is there.”

     

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       So, Kissane's post here would be called "Against the Cozy Web", where the intent here is to push back against [[Brazilianization of the Internet]]

     

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       > In a framework for thinking about our networks, to leave out the majority of people sustaining real damage is a failure of _perception_ and of _proportion_. It matters because the remedies available to people like me—a white, tech-ish worker in the US—are not necessarily going to do much for the people bearing the brunt of the mega-platforms’ worst actions.

     

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       As a call to privileged folks who can build their own Cozy Web, Kissane says that we need to not retreat and leave the long tail of the public open to predation:

     

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       > The public social internet is worth designing and governing in a way that demonstrates less than total amnesia about the history of human civilizations and the ways we’ve learned to be together without killing each other. For people with the ability and willingness to work on network problems, the real choice isn't between staying on the wasteland surfaces of the internet and going underground, but between making safer and better places for human sociability and not doing that.

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_notes/Brazilianization of the Internet.md

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       > Talking to no one is the near future of social media, the digital equivalent of warming your hands over an oil drum bonfire in an abandoned city

     

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       > As we retreat from the toxic, cluttered social media clearnet to the newsletter-and-messaging [[cozyweb]], this is closer to the real future of the internet: Each of us armoring our digital selves with a carefully constructed array of filters to let in the good and keep out the bad

     

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       > As we retreat from the toxic, cluttered social media clearnet to the newsletter-and-messaging [[Cozy Web]], this is closer to the real future of the internet: Each of us armoring our digital selves with a carefully constructed array of filters to let in the good and keep out the bad

     

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       Clearnet here is actually [[dark forest]] theory, where the open or “clear” internet bombards us with things we don’t want. Whether that’s spam, irrelevance, ads, or active toxic responses from other humans. 

     

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       Clearnet here is actually [[Dark Forest]] theory, where the open or “clear” internet bombards us with things we don’t want. Whether that’s spam, irrelevance, ads, or active toxic responses from other humans. 

     

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       > <mark>humans themselves will have a harder time competing for attention and access</mark>. In a landscape that feels increasingly noisy and polluted, this challenge is heightened even further, as the stabilizing elements steadily retreat from it, creating a vicious cycle where the spam and fury become ever more concentrated.

     

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_notes/Community Search Engine.md

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         - Community Search Engines

     

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       tags:

     

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         - search

     

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         - localfirst

     

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       ---

     

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       Community Search Engine is the label for a set of approaches to interconnect communities. 

     

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       **Community Search Engines** are an approach to build highly relevant search indexes and collaborative content spaces for communities.

     

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       The interface is similar to agent chat interfaces -- chatting and refining to get what you're looking for -- as well as personal notes / bookmark collections[^tft] -- browsing and interacting with "your stuff" to find what you've stored before.

     

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       [^tft]: I'm not using tools for thought or second brain labels here. For those that have adopted such a system, its content would be a major input to such a system.

     

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       I'm using the label search engine as a term that I think will resonate with the mass market: you go there to find stuff.

     

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       ## What are we trying to fix?

     

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       Google has broke the social contract of search. Even without [[AI slop]] being placed as the first "result", the results returned lead to top ranking pages that themselves are low quality SEO garbage.

     

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       I can't easily find results that are useful or relevant to me any more.

     

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       OK, I'll ask my friends for what they think! But, on corporate social platforms such as Twitter, Instagram, or Threads, the algorithm is centrally controlled and can't be scoped to your friends.

     

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       You're not sure that your request will be seen by your connections, and your connections won't necessarily see your post.

     

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       These communities are formed by:

     

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       ## Discovery and Distribution

     

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       This covers two aspects:

     

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       * discovery -- browsing and finding what you're looking for, ideally with a tune-able, transparent algorithm

     

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       * distribution -- being able to share "your stuff" in a way that it's possible for others to in turn see it and discover it

     

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       * Events such as conferences

     

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       * Digital spaces, such as a Discord server

     

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       For both, we think that [[Open Social Protocols]] offer a way forward. We also think distribution is up stream of discovery aka [[DREAM]].

     

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       These are often communities of interest, but can also considered to be trust relationships: if you are connected to a group of people you may extend trust to other recommendations they make. 

     

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       ## Reading 

     

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       If your information isn't seen because it isn't indexed or shared, or is algorithmically black holed or suppressed, it can't be discovered.

     

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       ## Emerging Tools

     

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       [[DXOS]] has their [[DXOS Composer]] suite. Local first content, LLM models, and composition of a number of different tools, from Discord API connections for indexing, to audio / video transcription.

     

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       The [[Patchwork]] system by [[Ink & Switch]] stores data local-first, cached in your browser. It relies on [[Automerge]] for sync. It doesn't have much in the way of a search index at all, and until [[Keyhive]] is integrated, doesn't have a permissions system. It can do multiplayer collaboration by sharing links to content.

     

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       [[Groundmist]] is a proof of concept that uses [[Ink & Switch]]'s tiny essay editor with local-first, private data (a precursor to Patchwork, it also uses [[Automerge]]) and combines it with [[ATProtocol]] for public publishing as well as structured data via the AT Protocol Lexicon system.

     

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       [[Tonk]] has just released the [Tonk CLI and TonkbookLM](https://tonk.substack.com/p/tonk-the-explainer). Uses [[Automerge]]. Specifically mentions [[Obsidian]] as a source of local data.

     

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       [[Familiar]] is a 

     

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       ## How do we build community search engines?

     

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       I envision a [[Personal Notes & Publishing Stack]] that enables people and communities to collaborate, pool information, and add context and relevance.

     

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       ## Further Reading

     

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       [[Dark Forest and Cozy Web]]: communities are moving to cozy web spaces, and/or have need for members only content. The open internet has degraded search incentivized by click throughs to show ads, and commercial social platforms

     

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       [[Brazilianization of the Internet]]: forming communities, which can be considered a kind of commons, do exclude or make [[cozyweb]] spaces. Does this cause a kind of elitism, and/or further deteriorate public spaces?

     

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       [[Brazilianization of the Internet]]: forming communities, which can be considered a kind of commons, trending towards [[Cozy Web]] spaces. Does this cause a kind of elitism, and/or further deteriorate public spaces?

     

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       [[Erin Kissane]]'s [[Against the Dark Forest]] specifically argues that we need to protect the publis social internet and not all retreat into [[Cozy Web]] corners. The entire article is dense and amazing and I could quote every paragraph.

     

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       [[How Algolia uses Electron to improve internal productivity]]: I’m still inspired by this description of Algolia implementing company wide search across internal tools, with desktop integration. This should be a tool for organizations of all kinds.

     

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       ## Local

     

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       ## Previously

     

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       I applied to [[SoP 2024 Application]] with some ideas around this that has some longer writing.

     

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       I rewrote the page that was here previously to refactor it extensively.

     

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       Part of community is "flow" ([[Stock and Flow]]) and [[Proto Apps]] is how I think social graphs / communities / flows of information form.

     

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       I applied to [[SoP 2024 Application]] with some ideas around the original formulation of using events and digital communities as a way to bootstrap the search engine, without tackling the [[Personal Notes & Publishing Stack]].

     

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       [[Open Social Protocols]] is what are part of the building blocks for all of this.

     

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       ## Tools

     

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       [[Lieu]] is an example of some code that helps build community search engines and webrings.
     

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       Part of community is "flow" ([[Stock and Flow]]) and [[Proto Apps]] is how I think social graphs / communities / flows of information form.

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_notes/Cozy Web.md

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       Private group spaces that aren't visible to everyone on the open web.

     

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       [[Maggie Appleton]]'s [[Dark Forest and Cozy Web]] summarizes Cozy Web:

     

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       > We create tiny underground burrows of Slack channels, Whatsapp groups, Discord chats, and Telegram streams that offer shelter and respite from the aggressively public nature of Facebook, Twitter, and every recruiter looking to connect on LinkedIn.

     

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       > 

     

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       > It's the digital realm of [Domestic Cozy](https://www.ribbonfarm.com/series/domestic-cozy/) Gen-Z vibes. Casual, comfy, and not trying to kick up a fuss.

     

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       In contrast to the open web as [[Dark Forest]].

     

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       [[Against the Dark Forest]] is [[Erin Kissane]]'s article that uses the alternative formulation, and in my formulation would be called _Against the Cozy Web_.

     

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       Cozy Web Resources:

     

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       <ul>

     

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       {% for post in site.notes %}

     

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       {% if post.tags contains "cozyweb" %}

     

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       <li><a href="{{ post.url }}" class="internal-link">{{ post.title }}</a></li>

     

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       {% endif %}

     

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       {% endfor %}

     

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       </ul>

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_notes/DXOS Composer.md

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       ---

     

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       link: https://www.dxos.org/composer

     

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       tags:

     

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         - llm

     

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         - Automerge

     

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       ---

     

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       A local-first workspace that is designed for small team collaboration.

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_notes/DXOS.md

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       ---

     

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       link: https://www.dxos.org/

     

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         - Automerge

     

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       ---

     

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       DXOS is an open source framework for building real-time, collaborative web applications that run entirely on the client and communicate peer-to-peer, without the need for centralized servers.

     

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       Product is [[DXOS Composer]]

     

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       ## Tech Stack

     

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       * [Echo](https://docs.dxos.org/guide/echo/) - **E**ventually **C**onsistent **H**ierarchical **O**bject store is a peer-to-peer graph database written in TypeScript.

     

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       * [Halo](https://docs.dxos.org/guide/halo/) - The HALO **protocol** supports the verification, transport, and exchange of identity information between networked peers.

     

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       Also user & sponsors of [[Automerge]] and collaborate with [[Ink & Switch]]

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_notes/Dark Forest and Cozy Web.md

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         - cozy web

     

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       Maggie Appleton’s illustration of this term is amazing - visit her article to check it out. 

     

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       Maggie Appleton’s illustration of Dark Forest vs Cozy Web is amazing - visit her article to check it out. 

     

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       > The cozy web  is [[Venkatesh Rao]]’s term for the private, gatekeeper-bounded spaces of the internet we have all retreated to over the last few years.

     

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       > 

     

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       > Venkat first proposed the term in one of his *Breaking Smart* emails on [The Extended Internet Universe](https://studio.ribbonfarm.com/p/the-extended-internet-universe). He builds off Yancey Strickler's companion idea of [the Dark Forest](https://onezero.medium.com/the-dark-forest-theory-of-the-internet-7dc3e68a7cb1) theory of the web. The “dark forest” is a place that *seems* eerily quiet and devoid of life. All the living creatures within it are hiding. Because “night is when the predators come out. To survive, the animals stay silent.”

     

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       I use this as the canonical description of [[Dark Forest]]

     

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       > The predators here are the advertisers, tracking bots, clickbait creators, attention-hungry influencers, reply guys, and trolls. It's unsafe to reveal yourself to them in any authentic way. So we retreat into private spaces. We hide in the cozy web.

     

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       Private / members only areas that mostly look like chats or private forums:

     

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       Private / members only areas that mostly look like chats or private forums are the [[Cozy Web]]

     

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       >

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_notes/Dark Forest.md

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         - cozyweb

     

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         - scifi

     

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       Description of the current state of the "open web", where ads, tracking, pop-ups, scams, mis-information are at every turn of a user's journey, which is causing many to retreat to [[Cozy Web]] spaces that are smaller group and permissioned.

     

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       [[Maggie Appleton]]'s [[Dark Forest and Cozy Web]] article puts it very succinctly:

     

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       > The predators here are the advertisers, tracking bots, clickbait creators, attention-hungry influencers, reply guys, and trolls. It's unsafe to reveal yourself to them in any authentic way. So we retreat into private spaces. We hide in the cozy web.

     

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       Confusingly, Dark Forest by itself can be argued in both directions -- that Dark Forest is both a space where one can be attacked when moving in the open, but that "protective forests" are where people can hide. In my formulation, these protective forests are the [[Cozy Web]].

     

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       [[Against the Dark Forest]] is [[Erin Kissane]]'s post that uses the reverse formulation.

     

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       The concept was recently popularized by the sci-fi book, [Dark forest hypothesis (Wikipedia)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_forest_hypothesis):

     

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       > The **dark forest hypothesis** is the conjecture that many alien civilizations exist throughout the universe, but they are both silent and hostile, maintaining their undetectability for fear of being destroyed by another hostile and undetected civilization. It is one of many possible explanations of the [Fermi paradox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi_paradox "Fermi paradox"), which contrasts the lack of contact with alien life with the potential for such contact. The hypothesis derives its name from [Liu Cixin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu_Cixin "Liu Cixin")'s 2008 novel _[The Dark Forest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dark_Forest "The Dark Forest")_,[[2]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_forest_hypothesis#cite_note-YuCJBIS2015-2) although the concept predates the novel.

     

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_notes/Goal Workspaces.md

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       As AI-based [[agentic computing]] evolves, these goal workspaces share data, feedback, interfaces, visualizations, and outputs that lead towards some goal. 

     

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       A related term to goal would be intent.

     

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       This concept, of goal seeking within a shared space with multiple people and agents collaborating, is likely premature.

     

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       A kanban board or similar collaboration space might be a familiar bridge interface.

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_notes/Personal Notes & Publishing Stack.md

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The base line tool that I am looking for to anchor [[Community Search Engine]] is a multi-player personal notes & publishing stack.

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The base line tool that I am looking for to anchor [[Community Search Engine]] is a multi-player personal notes & publishing stack. I have cataloged many emergent tools and tech stacks on the Community Search Engine that are now very close to what I have envisioned.

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What follows are some thoughts on personal work flow and what I see needing from it.

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This is a Work in Progress.

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You should feel comfortable putting meeting notes, quick scratch notes, pages on their way to be published, links and a few comments, research from multiple web pages, and other material in here. It is your companion for research, progress, and evolution.

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It wants to be the digital place where your family group, project team, or entire small business go to find, document, and extend a growing model of useful information.

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It's where you store the results from searching, browsing, or collaborative agent-based research sessions.

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## Notes

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## Personal Notes

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Notes should have the following features:

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* a title

···

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* backlinks, where linking to a note also showcases a "backlink" when viewing the note. This creates a graph of linked notes

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There are some other features like tags, aliases or transclusion that needs some more thinking.

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-

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## Journal

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### Journal

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Increasingly, the concept of author / creating / updating over time is an extremely useful anchor.

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Opening notes and having date / time stamps as a default entry is good. Simple mode is one "day" note per day. A more excellent mode that also fits with shorter content publishing and sharing is block-based unique notes.

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Visually, collecting notes into day / week / month chunks is one way to display aka a "log" or "work log". So a day becomes a view, but can contain multiple

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Visually, collecting notes into day / week / month chunks is one way to display aka a "log" or "work log". So a day becomes a view, but can contain multiple blocks or sub notes.

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+

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Ultimately, date & time data is metadata and can be used to create a view of any kinds of content.

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## Files

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### Bookmarking, Clipping, and Indexing Links

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Export and import of Markdown notes should be supported, but strict representation of one note == one file at all times is not necessary.

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Links are a primary way to remember or have quick access to "remote" content. Bookmark style for when you want to easily access the link (e.g. BC Ferries schedule), or informative / normative, like keeping a link to the restaurant in your neighbourhood that you recommend, even though you don't really visit the page.

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+

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On the other hand, there is the Clipping use case -- you want to quote, annotate, or comment on remote content and keep it locally, which adds relevance for you and other readers.

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+

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Including the full content of remote links makes for a richer local index when you're querying and working with your own content. When contributed to a [[Community Search Engine]], one gets both a community relevance graph (people who have bookmarked / clipped a link) and a sense graph, where different people have quoted / annotated / commented on the link.

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## Multi Player Notes

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Multi-player does not necessarily mean real time collaborative editing. It starts with a single person having multiple devices where things are kept in sync, and goes from there to groups of people.

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The hardest part of multi player notes is permission management. "Open" collaborative notes like [[HedgeDoc]] are easy, but can suffer from spam. Security through security by sharing links to hashes can work pretty well.

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Zooming out from Personal Notes, a multi-player space can be one note that is being collaborated on, to group collections of content, which in turn forms context.

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The [[Community Search Engine]] is formed by collections of multi-player notes, context, and relevance.

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### Permissions

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+

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The hardest part of multi player notes is permission management. "Open" collaborative notes like [[HedgeDoc]] are easy, but can suffer from spam. Security through obscurity by sharing links to hashes can work pretty well.

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The "folder" model seems conceptually simplest. Make a folder, add access at that level, and then everything inside inherits that.

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Sharing the same info with multiple different groups outside of a strict hierarchy is a challenge. This might mean using something like tagging to grant access. This is both a UX (what do you do in practice to share) and UI issue (how do you display shared docs or approximate GDocs permission listing).

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Google Drive has ended up with this concept of "aliases", in order to have a document in multiple folders. Google Drive also complicates the folder model by allowing for different permissions inside a single folder. This means that everyone has a different view. Related: having variable "views" might be needed along with "baked" views where everyone has the same picture. Views might in fact be something that you collect or curate and then publish to a group.

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Google Drive has ended up with this concept of "aliases", in order to have a document in multiple folders. Google Drive also complicates the folder model by allowing for different permissions inside a single folder. This means that everyone has a different view.

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+

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Related: having variable "views" might be needed along with "baked" views where everyone has the same picture. Views might in fact be something that you collect or curate and then publish to a group.

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+

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The [[Keyhive]] model, with encrypted content and capabilities delegated to individuals and groups, is the front runner of something that can work [[Local First]] and be sufficiently private, but doesn't itself have an opinionated UX, which is likely to be implemented in [[Patchwork]].

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+

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### Comments, Notifications, Subscriptions

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As soon as you have multi-player, you will want concepts like comments and notifications/mentions as people collaborate.

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+

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Do you want to see all new content in all workspaces you have access to?

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+

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A follow / favourite / notify model for workspaces, favourites, or people.

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+

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I see the majority of public / social affordances here being anchored in [[ATProtocol]] identities, although the scope here is all private / permissioned data. A publishing work flow in such a way that you can privately comment or favourite rather than only in public.

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+

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### Agentic Workspaces

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+

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If we envision multi-player collaboration as including agents as well as human actors, a group might contain one or more [[Goal Workspaces]].

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+

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## Publishing Stack

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+

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As well as personal, private usage, you want multi-player sharing with groups, and finally publishing.

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+

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Here I mostly mean completely public publishing such as a web page or [[ATProtocol]] post.

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Permissioned access at world scale (e.g. larger than the multi-player groups who collaborate with edit / comment access) is left for a future evolution of [[AT Protocol Private Data]].

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## Agentic Goal Workspaces

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How does one collect multiple people and agents into [[Goal Workspaces]]? A shared space with some goal, where different views, visualizations, interfaces, and data sources can be pooled to meet that goal.

+2 -2

_notes/Seeds.md

···

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       ## Recent

     

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       - Lots of [[Mastodon]], [[Bluesky]] and general future of [[DecentSocial]]

     

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       - The [[dark forest]] and [[cozyweb]] are important concepts for thinking about the web today

     

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       - The [[Dark Forest]] and [[Cozy Web]] are important concepts for thinking about the web today

     

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       - I think a lot about [[commons funding]]. I haven't done enough original writing about it. [[Open Collective]] is a great platform I recommend for managing funding and disbursement, without needing a foundation or organization of any kind.

     

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       ## Seeds

     
···

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       > Unlike the main public internet, which runs on the (human) protocol of “users” clicking on links on public pages/apps maintained by “publishers”, the cozyweb works on the (human) protocol of everybody cutting-and-pasting bits of text, images, URLs, and screenshots across live streams. Much of this content is poorly addressable, poorly searchable, and very vulnerable to bitrot.

     

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       &mdash; [[The Extended Interent Universe]], by [[Venkatesh Rao]] [[dark forest]] [[cozyweb]]

     

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       &mdash; [[The Extended Interent Universe]], by [[Venkatesh Rao]] [[Dark Forest]] [[Cozy Web]]

     

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       > Software companies founded today are competing less with pen and paper than with other Internet-first incumbents. Put another way, as happens in every maturing industry before it, Internet company revenue will become zero-sum. As a corollary, the time between founding years of software startups and their competitive incumbents is shrinking:

     

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