commit 5bfcf151be5d4214e3d4a1a9410fef7be054f503 · bmann.ca/bmannconsulting.com

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_drafts/Lenovo m900 Tiny Setup.md

···

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       I’m going to go over a lot of the yak shaving I  did to set up the [[Lenovo M900 Tiny]].

     

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       This is going to sit right next to my [[Unifi Dream Machine]] router plugged in via Ethernet, which is right at the front of our apartment. There’s a portable monitor there, but it only has USB-C as video input. 

     

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       This m900 has two DisplayPort connections and…a VGA connector. Maybe I can use my old projector as a screen? But no, I don’t have a female VGA cable, just male-to-male. Maybe this USB B (projector side) to USB-A will …just work if I plug it in?

     

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       What kind of adapters do I have? Should I plug it into the TV temporarily???

     

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       I had to take it into my back office (which only has wireless and this only has Ethernet) to plug it into the DisplayPort of my monitor. 

     

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       I’ll unplug the monitor from the USB-C KVM Switch (because I’m only going to have modern machines that all have USB-C, right), and also get my desktop keyboard and mouse out of the switch and directly into the m900.

     

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       I’m booting into Windows and it wants the Internet.

     

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       OK, can I plug it into my MacBook Air and bridge into its wifi? My USB-C adapter dongle doesn’t have Ethernet. Does the one I gave to Rachael have Ethernet? It does!

     

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       Is this even going to work? (searches for Mac Internet Sharing) Yes this is built into System Preferences -> Sharing. Do I know which interface this Ethernet adapter is? No, just enable them all.

     

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       OK, it works!

     

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       Now we have various times of ignoring all the Microsoft upsells and ask for information (this is Windows 10 Pro) and we get to a desktop. I have a Microsoft Account with some paid family plan stuff so I’m in.

     

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       Updates, turn on Remote Desktop. Let’s see if this works? It does not, because of the Ethernet to Mac sharing wifi, the m900 is double NAT-d.

     

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       Read some stuff about dual booting Ubuntu and Windows. Actually I search for it - in Microsoft Edge so I guess this is Bing - and it gives me sort of a ChatGPT interface with the answer. The links go to the most horrendous ad-filled pages but I kind of squint at the info. 

     

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       I don’t really need Windows on here but let’s keep it around just in case. Shrink the C partition to 200GB, leaving 750GB for Ubuntu. The wording in this dialog is bad. “Shrink by” is asking you how much smaller. “Shrink to” would make more sense to me. 

     

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       Download a server image and unetboot. Apparently Ubuntu recommends Rufus for this.

     

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       Burn image to USB stick. I ordered this at the same time as the m900, knowing at least I would need a spare or so for this. 

     

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       Attempt to follow instructions on disabling UEFI secure boot. 

     

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       NIGHT

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_journals/2024-01-19_1306.md

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       One annoying thing right away is that the specs are different than what I ordered: 8GB RAM instead of 16GB (less), a 1TB drive instead of 500GB (more), and a slightly different CPU. 

     

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       I’m making notes as I update Windows and then put Ubuntu on it.
     

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       I’m making notes as I update Windows and then put Ubuntu on it [[Lenovo m900 Tiny Setup]]

+327

_notes/Lenovo m900 Tiny Setup.md

···

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       ---

     

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       tags:

     

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         - homelab

     

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       ---

     

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       I’m going to go over a lot of the yak shaving I  did to set up the [[Lenovo M900 Tiny]].

     

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       ## Different Specs

     

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       As noted [[2024-01-19_1306]], I received a different spec. Booting into windows and the overview showed me:

     

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       ```

     

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       Processor Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-6600T CPU @ 2.70GHz   2.71 GHz

     

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       Installed RAM 8.00 GB (7.89 GB usable)

     

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       ```

     

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       Looking at the hard drive, it's 1TB.

     

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       And my [Amazon order](https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/B07ZPBDFGD/ref=ppx_od_dt_b_asin_title_s00?ie=UTF8&th=1) was supposed to be "Quad-Core i5-6500T, 16 GB DDR4, 480 GB SSD Intel Graphics, USB WiFi, Windows 10 pro 64 Bit"

     

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       There also isn't any Wifi in the one I received.

     

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       So, half the RAM, faster processor, twice the hard drive space, and no Wifi. I will probably just keep it, but feels like less RAM will be a challenge.

     

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       ## Initial Unboxing

     

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       This is going to sit right next to my [[Unifi Dream Machine]] router plugged in via Ethernet, which is right at the front of our apartment. There’s a portable monitor there, but it only has USB-C as video input. 

     

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       This m900 has two DisplayPort connections and…a VGA connector. Maybe I can use my old projector as a screen? But no, I don’t have a female VGA cable, just male-to-male. Maybe this USB B (projector side) to USB-A will …just work if I plug it in?

     

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       What kind of adapters do I have? Should I plug it into the TV temporarily???

     

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       I had to take it into my back office (which only has wireless and this only has Ethernet) to plug it into the DisplayPort of my monitor. 

     

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       I’ll unplug the monitor from the USB-C KVM Switch (because I’m only going to have modern machines that all have USB-C, right), and also get my desktop keyboard and mouse out of the switch and directly into the m900.

     

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       I’m booting into Windows and it wants the Internet.

     

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       OK, can I plug it into my MacBook Air and bridge into its wifi? My USB-C adapter dongle doesn’t have Ethernet. Does the one I gave to Rachael have Ethernet? It does!

     

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       Is this even going to work? (searches for Mac Internet Sharing) Yes this is built into System Preferences -> Sharing. Do I know which interface this Ethernet adapter is? No, just enable them all.

     

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       OK, it works!

     

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       Now we have various times of ignoring all the Microsoft upsells and ask for information (this is Windows 10 Pro) and we get to a desktop. I have a Microsoft Account with some paid family plan stuff so I’m in.

     

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       Updates, turn on Remote Desktop. Let’s see if this works? It does not, because of the Ethernet to Mac sharing wifi, the m900 is double NAT-d.

     

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       Read some stuff about dual booting Ubuntu and Windows. Actually I search for it - in Microsoft Edge so I guess this is Bing - and it gives me sort of a ChatGPT interface with the answer. The links go to the most horrendous ad-filled pages but I kind of squint at the info. 

     

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       I don’t really need Windows on here but let’s keep it around just in case. Shrink the C partition to 200GB, leaving 750GB for Ubuntu. The wording in this dialog is bad. “Shrink by” is asking you how much smaller. “Shrink to” would make more sense to me. 

     

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       Download a server image and [unetboot](https://unetbootin.github.io/). Apparently Ubuntu recommends [Rufus](https://rufus.ie/en/) for this.

     

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       Burn image to USB key. I ordered a new USB key at the same time as the m900, knowing at least I would need a spare or so for this. 

     

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       Attempt to follow instructions on disabling UEFI secure boot. 

     

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       ## Installing Ubuntu

     

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       Researched various Lenovo things. `F12` is what you need to press in order to get into firmware and boot settings.

     

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       Selected the USB key to boot from.

     

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       Chose the [Ubuntu Server install](https://canonical-subiquity.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/tutorial/screen-by-screen.html)

     

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       Got to the storage section and the 750GB unformatted part of the drive wasn't visible. The [server storage guide](https://canonical-subiquity.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/explanation/configure-storage.html#configure-storage) says:

     

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       > The installer cannot edit partition tables. You can use existing partitions or reformat a drive entirely, but you cannot, for example, remove a large partition and replace it with two smaller ones.

     

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       Went into the help menu and got into the terminal. Thought about it for a bit and looked at some partition formatting links (all of the defaults show a graphical editor), and decided to boot back into Windows.

     

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       In Windows, formatted the the 750GB, then booted back into the installer.

     

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       Used LVM, made `/` root of 30GB, swap of 20GB, remaining as `/home`

     

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       Install was very quick. Named the server `tinyhome`.

     

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       There's an option to add SSH keys from Github. Entered my username and it fetched a couple of keys.

     

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       Rebooted to Grub menu, then on to commandline login. Can I get it to automatically boot into Ubuntu? It's going to be running headless.

     

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       Read some [background on Grub settings](https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1195275). Tried to get it to boot into Ubuntu / last saved OS by default with a short 3 second time out.

     

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       `sudoedit /etc/default/grub`

     

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       `sudo update-grub`

     

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       None of the things I applied and rebooted did anything other than bring me back to a menu with a 30s countdown that defaults to Ubuntu. OK fine!

     

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       Moved to living room and rebooted. Had previously set the router to give this device the same IP address.

     

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       Logged in with my ssh keys. Success!

     

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       Oh oh. Revving, **screaming** fan noises that ramp up and down. Searched a bunch of things, and now...fan noises have gone away.

     

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       Need to do more research, because having it screaming in the corner of the living room is not going to be OK.[^livingroom]

     

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       [^livingroom]: It's in the living room, because that's where the cable connector for my Internet comes out, and where the router is plugged in.

     

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       ## Fan Control in Ubuntu

     

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       Found page on [controlling fan speed in Ubuntu](https://askubuntu.com/questions/22108/how-to-control-fan-speed). 

     

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       ```

     

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       sensors-detect version 3.6.0

     

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       # System: LENOVO 10FLS02D00 [ThinkCentre M900]

     

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       # Board: LENOVO 30D0

     

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       # Kernel: 5.15.0-91-generic x86_64

     

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       # Processor: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-6600T CPU @ 2.70GHz (6/94/3)

     

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       This program will help you determine which kernel modules you need

     

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       to load to use lm_sensors most effectively. It is generally safe

     

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       and recommended to accept the default answers to all questions,

     

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       unless you know what you're doing.

     

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       Some south bridges, CPUs or memory controllers contain embedded sensors.

     

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       Do you want to scan for them? This is totally safe. (YES/no):

     

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       Driver `coretemp':

     

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         * Chip `Intel digital thermal sensor' (confidence: 9)

     

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       Driver `nct6683':

     

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         * ISA bus, address 0xa20, Chip `Nuvoton NCT6683D eSIO' (confidence: 9)

     

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       To load everything that is needed, add this to /etc/modules:

     

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       #----cut here----

     

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       # Chip drivers

     

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       coretemp

     

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       nct6683

     

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       #----cut here----

     

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       If you have some drivers built into your kernel, the list above will

     

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       contain too many modules. Skip the appropriate ones!

     

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       Do you want to add these lines automatically to /etc/modules? (yes/NO)

     

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       ```

     

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       Ran `pwmconfig`:

     

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       ```

     

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       /usr/sbin/pwmconfig: There are no pwm-capable sensor modules installed

     

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       ```

     

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       Did some research. Found [this thread](https://github.com/vmatare/thinkfan/discussions/215) with this comment from January 2023:

     

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       > On an M900 I had to force the kernel to load the nct6683 driver as stated here: [https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/lm-sensors/+bug/1858369](https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/lm-sensors/+bug/1858369)

     

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       So apparently I can force a kernel module to load, but getting various permission errors.

     

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       ```

     

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       echo "options nct6683 force=1" >> /etc/modprobe.d/sensors.conf

     

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       ```

     

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       OK, you really do need to be `root`, so `sudo su` it is.

     

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       ### Jan 21st

     

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       The fans are screaming this morning, so trying this again. This is applied after reboot, running `pwmconfig` now gives some output:

     

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       ```

     

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       Found the following PWM controls:

     

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          hwmon2/pwm2           current value: 243

     

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       /usr/sbin/pwmconfig: line 180: hwmon2/pwm2: Permission denied

     

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       Giving the fans some time to reach full speed...

     

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       Found the following fan sensors:

     

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          hwmon2/fan2_input     current speed: 7017 RPM

     

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       ```

     

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       The fans really are too loud, and 7017 RPM is a lot.

     

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       +
       

     

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       Research links:

     

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       * older ubuntu, very extensive <https://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-42737.html>

     

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       * odroid related <https://forum.odroid.com/viewtopic.php?t=41911>

     

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       * archlinux <https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=225349>

     

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       +
       

     

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       Running `sensors`:

     

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       +
       

     

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       ```

     

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       nct6683-isa-0a20

     

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       Adapter: ISA adapter

     

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       +
       

     

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       VIN0:             1.42 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +0.00 V)

     

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       +
       

     

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       VIN1:             1.02 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +0.00 V)

     

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       +
       

     

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       VIN3:           704.00 mV (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +0.00 V)

     

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       +
       

     

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       VIN0:             1.42 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +0.00 V)

     

       199
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       +
       

     

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       fan2:           6936 RPM  (min =  500 RPM)

     

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       +
       

     

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       PECI 0.0:        +28.5°C  (low  =  +0.0°C)

     

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       +
       

     

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                                 (high = +99.0°C, hyst =  +0.0°C)

     

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       +
       

     

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                                 (crit =  +0.0°C)  sensor = Intel PECI

     

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       PCH CHIP:         +0.0°C  (low  =  +0.0°C)

     

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                                 (high =  +0.0°C, hyst =  +0.0°C)

     

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       +
       

     

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                                 (crit =  +0.0°C)

     

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       +
       

     

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       Diode 0 (curr):  +28.5°C  (low  =  +0.0°C)

     

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       +
       

     

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                                 (high =  +0.0°C, hyst =  +0.0°C)

     

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       +
       

     

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                                 (crit =  +0.0°C)  sensor = thermal diode

     

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       +
       

     

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       Diode 1 (curr): +121.5°C  (low  =  +0.0°C)

     

       221
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       +
       

     

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                                 (high = +50.0°C, hyst =  +0.0°C)

     

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       +
       

     

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                                 (crit =  +0.0°C)  sensor = thermal diode

     

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       +
       

     

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       intrusion0:     OK

     

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       +
       

     

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       beep_enable:    disabled

     

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       +
       

     

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       +
         

     

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       acpitz-acpi-0

     

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       +
       

     

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       Adapter: ACPI interface

     

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       +
       

     

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       236
       +
       temp1:        +27.8°C  (crit = +119.0°C)

     

       237
       237
       +
       

     

       238
       238
       +
       temp2:        +29.8°C  (crit = +119.0°C)

     

       239
       239
       +
       

     

       240
       240
       +
         

     

       241
       241
       +
       

     

       242
       242
       +
       coretemp-isa-0000

     

       243
       243
       +
       

     

       244
       244
       +
       Adapter: ISA adapter

     

       245
       245
       +
       

     

       246
       246
       +
       Package id 0:  +29.0°C  (high = +84.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

     

       247
       247
       +
       

     

       248
       248
       +
       Core 0:        +26.0°C  (high = +84.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

     

       249
       249
       +
       

     

       250
       250
       +
       Core 1:        +26.0°C  (high = +84.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

     

       251
       251
       +
       

     

       252
       252
       +
       Core 2:        +24.0°C  (high = +84.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

     

       253
       253
       +
       

     

       254
       254
       +
       Core 3:        +27.0°C  (high = +84.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

     

       255
       255
       +
       ```

     

       256
       256
       +
       

     

       257
       257
       +
       Temperatures aren't high, but fan2 is at 6900-7000+ RPM.

     

       258
       258
       +
       

     

       259
       259
       +
       So kernel driver is <https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/hwmon/nct6683>

     

       260
       260
       +
       

     

       261
       261
       +
       Maybe I need to flash BIOS? Found something that relates to [M900 BIOS and fan control issues](https://support.lenovo.com/ca/en/solutions/ht500771-fan-control-issue-thinkcentre-thinkstation)

     

       262
       262
       +
       

     

       263
       263
       +
       Checking BIOS under Ubuntu with `dmidecode | less`:

     

       264
       264
       +
       

     

       265
       265
       +
       ```

     

       266
       266
       +
       BIOS Information

     

       267
       267
       +
               Vendor: LENOVO

     

       268
       268
       +
               Version: FWKTBFA  

     

       269
       269
       +
               Release Date: 06/23/2022

     

       270
       270
       +
               Address: 0xF0000

     

       271
       271
       +
               Runtime Size: 64 kB

     

       272
       272
       +
               ROM Size: 16 MB

     

       273
       273
       +
       

     

       274
       274
       +
       System Information

     

       275
       275
       +
               Manufacturer: LENOVO

     

       276
       276
       +
               Product Name: 10FLS02D00

     

       277
       277
       +
               Version: ThinkCentre M900

     

       278
       278
       +
               Serial Number: XXXXXXX

     

       279
       279
       +
       ```

     

       280
       280
       +
       

     

       281
       281
       +
       Looks like [updated BIOS from July 2022 is available](https://pcsupport.lenovo.com/ca/en/products/desktops-and-all-in-ones/thinkcentre-m-series-desktops/thinkcentre-m900/downloads/ds105487), but I need to boot back into Windows to apply.

     

       282
       282
       +
       ## Server Management Install

     

       283
       283
       +
       

     

       284
       284
       +
       Decision point: [[Cloudron]] or something else?

     

       285
       285
       +
       

     

       286
       286
       +
       Looking at [[Coolify]] again, it needs Debian as the "admin", and also it is still quite a new system. I would probably try the hosted Coolify at $5/month as the admin controller. 

     

       287
       287
       +
       

     

       288
       288
       +
       [[Easypanel]] is proprietary, but maybe not that different from [[Cloudron]]?

     

       289
       289
       +
       

     

       290
       290
       +
       ## Cloudron Install

     

       291
       291
       +
       

     

       292
       292
       +
       OK, let's [install Cloudron](https://www.cloudron.io/get.html).

     

       293
       293
       +
       

     

       294
       294
       +
       Found my public IP address. Let's see if I can connect to it after a reboot.

     

       295
       295
       +
       

     

       296
       296
       +
       Connected via the `home.bmann.ca` "local" DNS setting that I put into the Unifi router settings.

     

       297
       297
       +
       

     

       298
       298
       +
       On the Domain Settings screen. Not really sure what to pick here. I guess I can pick either manual or wildcard. Or, I can use Cloudflare API and let it manage parts of `bmann.ca` that are already being managed by [[Commons Computer]] install.

     

       299
       299
       +
       

     

       300
       300
       +
       [Cloudron Private DNS settings](https://docs.cloudron.io/networking/#private-dns)

     

       301
       301
       +
       

     

       302
       302
       +
       OK, sure, let's go straight to advanced mode and setup some local addresses.

     

       303
       303
       +
       

     

       304
       304
       +
       ```

     

       305
       305
       +
       local-zone: bmann.ca." typetransparent

     

       306
       306
       +
       local-data: "home.bmann.ca. A 192.168.1.67"

     

       307
       307
       +
       local-data: "my.home.bmann.ca. A 192.168.1.67"

     

       308
       308
       +
       ```

     

       309
       309
       +
       

     

       310
       310
       +
       Sure, let's setup Cloudflare and see what happens. Make a new API token with access to `bmann.ca`, setup `home.bmann.ca` as the domain, and `my.home.bmann.ca` would be where the panel ends up.

     

       311
       311
       +
       

     

       312
       312
       +
       Get an error: `queryNs ECONNREFUSED bmann.ca`, search for cloudron: <https://forum.cloudron.io/topic/2008/queryns-econnrefused-cloudron-intra-example-org>

     

       313
       313
       +
       

     

       314
       314
       +
       Doesn't like NoOp either `Unable to detect IPv4. API server (ipv4.api.cloudron.io) unreachable`

     

       315
       315
       +
       

     

       316
       316
       +
       OK, none of this is going to work until I port forward. Let's go look at Unifi Router.

     

       317
       317
       +
       

     

       318
       318
       +
       Port forwarding for tcp/80 and tcp/443 setup to the internal IP address of the server. Confirm that I can get to the Cloudron setup page from the public address.

     

       319
       319
       +
       

     

       320
       320
       +
       ---

     

       321
       321
       +
       

     

       322
       322
       +
       OK, I turned off that Unifi local DNS of `home.bmann.ca`, and undid all of the private DNS settings. Accessing Cloudron from the public IP address, and it is being forwarded to the server.

     

       323
       323
       +
       

     

       324
       324
       +
       Now setting this as the domain, with Cloudflare API key. I'm in, Cloudron installed.

     

       325
       325
       +
       

     

       326
       326
       +
       Enabling Dynamic DNS under Network settings.

     

       327
       327
       +