commit 48dc5e4ba6f45edbfe7e764468529fd19f1ccfad · pyrox.dev/nixpkgs

+41

nixos/doc/manual/from_md/installation/installing-behind-a-proxy.section.xml

···

       1
       1
       +
       <section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:id="sec-installing-behind-proxy">

     

       2
       2
       +
         <title>Installing behind a proxy</title>

     

       3
       3
       +
         <para>

     

       4
       4
       +
           To install NixOS behind a proxy, do the following before running

     

       5
       5
       +
           <literal>nixos-install</literal>.

     

       6
       6
       +
         </para>

     

       7
       7
       +
         <orderedlist numeration="arabic">

     

       8
       8
       +
           <listitem>

     

       9
       9
       +
             <para>

     

       10
       10
       +
               Update proxy configuration in

     

       11
       11
       +
               <literal>/mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</literal> to keep the

     

       12
       12
       +
               internet accessible after reboot.

     

       13
       13
       +
             </para>

     

       14
       14
       +
             <programlisting language="bash">

     

       15
       15
       +
       networking.proxy.default = &quot;http://user:password@proxy:port/&quot;;

     

       16
       16
       +
       networking.proxy.noProxy = &quot;127.0.0.1,localhost,internal.domain&quot;;

     

       17
       17
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       18
       18
       +
           </listitem>

     

       19
       19
       +
           <listitem>

     

       20
       20
       +
             <para>

     

       21
       21
       +
               Setup the proxy environment variables in the shell where you are

     

       22
       22
       +
               running <literal>nixos-install</literal>.

     

       23
       23
       +
             </para>

     

       24
       24
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       25
       25
       +
       # proxy_url=&quot;http://user:password@proxy:port/&quot;

     

       26
       26
       +
       # export http_proxy=&quot;$proxy_url&quot;

     

       27
       27
       +
       # export HTTP_PROXY=&quot;$proxy_url&quot;

     

       28
       28
       +
       # export https_proxy=&quot;$proxy_url&quot;

     

       29
       29
       +
       # export HTTPS_PROXY=&quot;$proxy_url&quot;

     

       30
       30
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       31
       31
       +
           </listitem>

     

       32
       32
       +
         </orderedlist>

     

       33
       33
       +
         <note>

     

       34
       34
       +
           <para>

     

       35
       35
       +
             If you are switching networks with different proxy configurations,

     

       36
       36
       +
             use the <literal>specialisation</literal> option in

     

       37
       37
       +
             <literal>configuration.nix</literal> to switch proxies at runtime.

     

       38
       38
       +
             Refer to <xref linkend="ch-options" /> for more information.

     

       39
       39
       +
           </para>

     

       40
       40
       +
         </note>

     

       41
       41
       +
       </section>

+388

nixos/doc/manual/from_md/installation/installing-from-other-distro.section.xml

···

       1
       1
       +
       <section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:id="sec-installing-from-other-distro">

     

       2
       2
       +
         <title>Installing from another Linux distribution</title>

     

       3
       3
       +
         <para>

     

       4
       4
       +
           Because Nix (the package manager) &amp; Nixpkgs (the Nix packages

     

       5
       5
       +
           collection) can both be installed on any (most?) Linux

     

       6
       6
       +
           distributions, they can be used to install NixOS in various creative

     

       7
       7
       +
           ways. You can, for instance:

     

       8
       8
       +
         </para>

     

       9
       9
       +
         <orderedlist numeration="arabic">

     

       10
       10
       +
           <listitem>

     

       11
       11
       +
             <para>

     

       12
       12
       +
               Install NixOS on another partition, from your existing Linux

     

       13
       13
       +
               distribution (without the use of a USB or optical device!)

     

       14
       14
       +
             </para>

     

       15
       15
       +
           </listitem>

     

       16
       16
       +
           <listitem>

     

       17
       17
       +
             <para>

     

       18
       18
       +
               Install NixOS on the same partition (in place!), from your

     

       19
       19
       +
               existing non-NixOS Linux distribution using

     

       20
       20
       +
               <literal>NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal>.

     

       21
       21
       +
             </para>

     

       22
       22
       +
           </listitem>

     

       23
       23
       +
           <listitem>

     

       24
       24
       +
             <para>

     

       25
       25
       +
               Install NixOS on your hard drive from the Live CD of any Linux

     

       26
       26
       +
               distribution.

     

       27
       27
       +
             </para>

     

       28
       28
       +
           </listitem>

     

       29
       29
       +
         </orderedlist>

     

       30
       30
       +
         <para>

     

       31
       31
       +
           The first steps to all these are the same:

     

       32
       32
       +
         </para>

     

       33
       33
       +
         <orderedlist numeration="arabic">

     

       34
       34
       +
           <listitem>

     

       35
       35
       +
             <para>

     

       36
       36
       +
               Install the Nix package manager:

     

       37
       37
       +
             </para>

     

       38
       38
       +
             <para>

     

       39
       39
       +
               Short version:

     

       40
       40
       +
             </para>

     

       41
       41
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       42
       42
       +
       $ curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh

     

       43
       43
       +
       $ . $HOME/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh # …or open a fresh shell

     

       44
       44
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       45
       45
       +
             <para>

     

       46
       46
       +
               More details in the

     

       47
       47
       +
               <link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/nix/manual/#chap-quick-start">

     

       48
       48
       +
               Nix manual</link>

     

       49
       49
       +
             </para>

     

       50
       50
       +
           </listitem>

     

       51
       51
       +
           <listitem>

     

       52
       52
       +
             <para>

     

       53
       53
       +
               Switch to the NixOS channel:

     

       54
       54
       +
             </para>

     

       55
       55
       +
             <para>

     

       56
       56
       +
               If you've just installed Nix on a non-NixOS distribution, you

     

       57
       57
       +
               will be on the <literal>nixpkgs</literal> channel by default.

     

       58
       58
       +
             </para>

     

       59
       59
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       60
       60
       +
       $ nix-channel --list

     

       61
       61
       +
       nixpkgs https://nixos.org/channels/nixpkgs-unstable

     

       62
       62
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       63
       63
       +
             <para>

     

       64
       64
       +
               As that channel gets released without running the NixOS tests,

     

       65
       65
       +
               it will be safer to use the <literal>nixos-*</literal> channels

     

       66
       66
       +
               instead:

     

       67
       67
       +
             </para>

     

       68
       68
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       69
       69
       +
       $ nix-channel --add https://nixos.org/channels/nixos-version nixpkgs

     

       70
       70
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       71
       71
       +
             <para>

     

       72
       72
       +
               You may want to throw in a

     

       73
       73
       +
               <literal>nix-channel --update</literal> for good measure.

     

       74
       74
       +
             </para>

     

       75
       75
       +
           </listitem>

     

       76
       76
       +
           <listitem>

     

       77
       77
       +
             <para>

     

       78
       78
       +
               Install the NixOS installation tools:

     

       79
       79
       +
             </para>

     

       80
       80
       +
             <para>

     

       81
       81
       +
               You'll need <literal>nixos-generate-config</literal> and

     

       82
       82
       +
               <literal>nixos-install</literal>, but this also makes some man

     

       83
       83
       +
               pages and <literal>nixos-enter</literal> available, just in case

     

       84
       84
       +
               you want to chroot into your NixOS partition. NixOS installs

     

       85
       85
       +
               these by default, but you don't have NixOS yet..

     

       86
       86
       +
             </para>

     

       87
       87
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       88
       88
       +
       $ nix-env -f '&lt;nixpkgs&gt;' -iA nixos-install-tools

     

       89
       89
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       90
       90
       +
           </listitem>

     

       91
       91
       +
           <listitem>

     

       92
       92
       +
             <note>

     

       93
       93
       +
               <para>

     

       94
       94
       +
                 The following 5 steps are only for installing NixOS to another

     

       95
       95
       +
                 partition. For installing NixOS in place using

     

       96
       96
       +
                 <literal>NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal>, skip ahead.

     

       97
       97
       +
               </para>

     

       98
       98
       +
             </note>

     

       99
       99
       +
             <para>

     

       100
       100
       +
               Prepare your target partition:

     

       101
       101
       +
             </para>

     

       102
       102
       +
             <para>

     

       103
       103
       +
               At this point it is time to prepare your target partition.

     

       104
       104
       +
               Please refer to the partitioning, file-system creation, and

     

       105
       105
       +
               mounting steps of <xref linkend="sec-installation" />

     

       106
       106
       +
             </para>

     

       107
       107
       +
             <para>

     

       108
       108
       +
               If you're about to install NixOS in place using

     

       109
       109
       +
               <literal>NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal> there is nothing to do for

     

       110
       110
       +
               this step.

     

       111
       111
       +
             </para>

     

       112
       112
       +
           </listitem>

     

       113
       113
       +
           <listitem>

     

       114
       114
       +
             <para>

     

       115
       115
       +
               Generate your NixOS configuration:

     

       116
       116
       +
             </para>

     

       117
       117
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       118
       118
       +
       $ sudo `which nixos-generate-config` --root /mnt

     

       119
       119
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       120
       120
       +
             <para>

     

       121
       121
       +
               You'll probably want to edit the configuration files. Refer to

     

       122
       122
       +
               the <literal>nixos-generate-config</literal> step in

     

       123
       123
       +
               <xref linkend="sec-installation" /> for more information.

     

       124
       124
       +
             </para>

     

       125
       125
       +
             <para>

     

       126
       126
       +
               Consider setting up the NixOS bootloader to give you the ability

     

       127
       127
       +
               to boot on your existing Linux partition. For instance, if

     

       128
       128
       +
               you're using GRUB and your existing distribution is running

     

       129
       129
       +
               Ubuntu, you may want to add something like this to your

     

       130
       130
       +
               <literal>configuration.nix</literal>:

     

       131
       131
       +
             </para>

     

       132
       132
       +
             <programlisting language="bash">

     

       133
       133
       +
       boot.loader.grub.extraEntries = ''

     

       134
       134
       +
         menuentry &quot;Ubuntu&quot; {

     

       135
       135
       +
           search --set=ubuntu --fs-uuid 3cc3e652-0c1f-4800-8451-033754f68e6e

     

       136
       136
       +
           configfile &quot;($ubuntu)/boot/grub/grub.cfg&quot;

     

       137
       137
       +
         }

     

       138
       138
       +
       '';

     

       139
       139
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       140
       140
       +
             <para>

     

       141
       141
       +
               (You can find the appropriate UUID for your partition in

     

       142
       142
       +
               <literal>/dev/disk/by-uuid</literal>)

     

       143
       143
       +
             </para>

     

       144
       144
       +
           </listitem>

     

       145
       145
       +
           <listitem>

     

       146
       146
       +
             <para>

     

       147
       147
       +
               Create the <literal>nixbld</literal> group and user on your

     

       148
       148
       +
               original distribution:

     

       149
       149
       +
             </para>

     

       150
       150
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       151
       151
       +
       $ sudo groupadd -g 30000 nixbld

     

       152
       152
       +
       $ sudo useradd -u 30000 -g nixbld -G nixbld nixbld

     

       153
       153
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       154
       154
       +
           </listitem>

     

       155
       155
       +
           <listitem>

     

       156
       156
       +
             <para>

     

       157
       157
       +
               Download/build/install NixOS:

     

       158
       158
       +
             </para>

     

       159
       159
       +
             <warning>

     

       160
       160
       +
               <para>

     

       161
       161
       +
                 Once you complete this step, you might no longer be able to

     

       162
       162
       +
                 boot on existing systems without the help of a rescue USB

     

       163
       163
       +
                 drive or similar.

     

       164
       164
       +
               </para>

     

       165
       165
       +
             </warning>

     

       166
       166
       +
             <note>

     

       167
       167
       +
               <para>

     

       168
       168
       +
                 On some distributions there are separate PATHS for programs

     

       169
       169
       +
                 intended only for root. In order for the installation to

     

       170
       170
       +
                 succeed, you might have to use

     

       171
       171
       +
                 <literal>PATH=&quot;$PATH:/usr/sbin:/sbin&quot;</literal> in

     

       172
       172
       +
                 the following command.

     

       173
       173
       +
               </para>

     

       174
       174
       +
             </note>

     

       175
       175
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       176
       176
       +
       $ sudo PATH=&quot;$PATH&quot; NIX_PATH=&quot;$NIX_PATH&quot; `which nixos-install` --root /mnt

     

       177
       177
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       178
       178
       +
             <para>

     

       179
       179
       +
               Again, please refer to the <literal>nixos-install</literal> step

     

       180
       180
       +
               in <xref linkend="sec-installation" /> for more information.

     

       181
       181
       +
             </para>

     

       182
       182
       +
             <para>

     

       183
       183
       +
               That should be it for installation to another partition!

     

       184
       184
       +
             </para>

     

       185
       185
       +
           </listitem>

     

       186
       186
       +
           <listitem>

     

       187
       187
       +
             <para>

     

       188
       188
       +
               Optionally, you may want to clean up your non-NixOS

     

       189
       189
       +
               distribution:

     

       190
       190
       +
             </para>

     

       191
       191
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       192
       192
       +
       $ sudo userdel nixbld

     

       193
       193
       +
       $ sudo groupdel nixbld

     

       194
       194
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       195
       195
       +
             <para>

     

       196
       196
       +
               If you do not wish to keep the Nix package manager installed

     

       197
       197
       +
               either, run something like

     

       198
       198
       +
               <literal>sudo rm -rv ~/.nix-* /nix</literal> and remove the line

     

       199
       199
       +
               that the Nix installer added to your

     

       200
       200
       +
               <literal>~/.profile</literal>.

     

       201
       201
       +
             </para>

     

       202
       202
       +
           </listitem>

     

       203
       203
       +
           <listitem>

     

       204
       204
       +
             <note>

     

       205
       205
       +
               <para>

     

       206
       206
       +
                 The following steps are only for installing NixOS in place

     

       207
       207
       +
                 using <literal>NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal>:

     

       208
       208
       +
               </para>

     

       209
       209
       +
             </note>

     

       210
       210
       +
             <para>

     

       211
       211
       +
               Generate your NixOS configuration:

     

       212
       212
       +
             </para>

     

       213
       213
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       214
       214
       +
       $ sudo `which nixos-generate-config` --root /

     

       215
       215
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       216
       216
       +
             <para>

     

       217
       217
       +
               Note that this will place the generated configuration files in

     

       218
       218
       +
               <literal>/etc/nixos</literal>. You'll probably want to edit the

     

       219
       219
       +
               configuration files. Refer to the

     

       220
       220
       +
               <literal>nixos-generate-config</literal> step in

     

       221
       221
       +
               <xref linkend="sec-installation" /> for more information.

     

       222
       222
       +
             </para>

     

       223
       223
       +
             <para>

     

       224
       224
       +
               You'll likely want to set a root password for your first boot

     

       225
       225
       +
               using the configuration files because you won't have a chance to

     

       226
       226
       +
               enter a password until after you reboot. You can initalize the

     

       227
       227
       +
               root password to an empty one with this line: (and of course

     

       228
       228
       +
               don't forget to set one once you've rebooted or to lock the

     

       229
       229
       +
               account with <literal>sudo passwd -l root</literal> if you use

     

       230
       230
       +
               <literal>sudo</literal>)

     

       231
       231
       +
             </para>

     

       232
       232
       +
             <programlisting language="bash">

     

       233
       233
       +
       users.users.root.initialHashedPassword = &quot;&quot;;

     

       234
       234
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       235
       235
       +
           </listitem>

     

       236
       236
       +
           <listitem>

     

       237
       237
       +
             <para>

     

       238
       238
       +
               Build the NixOS closure and install it in the

     

       239
       239
       +
               <literal>system</literal> profile:

     

       240
       240
       +
             </para>

     

       241
       241
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       242
       242
       +
       $ nix-env -p /nix/var/nix/profiles/system -f '&lt;nixpkgs/nixos&gt;' -I nixos-config=/etc/nixos/configuration.nix -iA system

     

       243
       243
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       244
       244
       +
           </listitem>

     

       245
       245
       +
           <listitem>

     

       246
       246
       +
             <para>

     

       247
       247
       +
               Change ownership of the <literal>/nix</literal> tree to root

     

       248
       248
       +
               (since your Nix install was probably single user):

     

       249
       249
       +
             </para>

     

       250
       250
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       251
       251
       +
       $ sudo chown -R 0.0 /nix

     

       252
       252
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       253
       253
       +
           </listitem>

     

       254
       254
       +
           <listitem>

     

       255
       255
       +
             <para>

     

       256
       256
       +
               Set up the <literal>/etc/NIXOS</literal> and

     

       257
       257
       +
               <literal>/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal> files:

     

       258
       258
       +
             </para>

     

       259
       259
       +
             <para>

     

       260
       260
       +
               <literal>/etc/NIXOS</literal> officializes that this is now a

     

       261
       261
       +
               NixOS partition (the bootup scripts require its presence).

     

       262
       262
       +
             </para>

     

       263
       263
       +
             <para>

     

       264
       264
       +
               <literal>/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal> tells the NixOS bootup

     

       265
       265
       +
               scripts to move <emphasis>everything</emphasis> that's in the

     

       266
       266
       +
               root partition to <literal>/old-root</literal>. This will move

     

       267
       267
       +
               your existing distribution out of the way in the very early

     

       268
       268
       +
               stages of the NixOS bootup. There are exceptions (we do need to

     

       269
       269
       +
               keep NixOS there after all), so the NixOS lustrate process will

     

       270
       270
       +
               not touch:

     

       271
       271
       +
             </para>

     

       272
       272
       +
             <itemizedlist>

     

       273
       273
       +
               <listitem>

     

       274
       274
       +
                 <para>

     

       275
       275
       +
                   The <literal>/nix</literal> directory

     

       276
       276
       +
                 </para>

     

       277
       277
       +
               </listitem>

     

       278
       278
       +
               <listitem>

     

       279
       279
       +
                 <para>

     

       280
       280
       +
                   The <literal>/boot</literal> directory

     

       281
       281
       +
                 </para>

     

       282
       282
       +
               </listitem>

     

       283
       283
       +
               <listitem>

     

       284
       284
       +
                 <para>

     

       285
       285
       +
                   Any file or directory listed in

     

       286
       286
       +
                   <literal>/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal> (one per line)

     

       287
       287
       +
                 </para>

     

       288
       288
       +
               </listitem>

     

       289
       289
       +
             </itemizedlist>

     

       290
       290
       +
             <note>

     

       291
       291
       +
               <para>

     

       292
       292
       +
                 Support for <literal>NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal> was added in

     

       293
       293
       +
                 NixOS 16.09. The act of &quot;lustrating&quot; refers to the

     

       294
       294
       +
                 wiping of the existing distribution. Creating

     

       295
       295
       +
                 <literal>/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal> can also be used on

     

       296
       296
       +
                 NixOS to remove all mutable files from your root partition

     

       297
       297
       +
                 (anything that's not in <literal>/nix</literal> or

     

       298
       298
       +
                 <literal>/boot</literal> gets &quot;lustrated&quot; on the

     

       299
       299
       +
                 next boot.

     

       300
       300
       +
               </para>

     

       301
       301
       +
               <para>

     

       302
       302
       +
                 lustrate /ˈlʌstreɪt/ verb.

     

       303
       303
       +
               </para>

     

       304
       304
       +
               <para>

     

       305
       305
       +
                 purify by expiatory sacrifice, ceremonial washing, or some

     

       306
       306
       +
                 other ritual action.

     

       307
       307
       +
               </para>

     

       308
       308
       +
             </note>

     

       309
       309
       +
             <para>

     

       310
       310
       +
               Let's create the files:

     

       311
       311
       +
             </para>

     

       312
       312
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       313
       313
       +
       $ sudo touch /etc/NIXOS

     

       314
       314
       +
       $ sudo touch /etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE

     

       315
       315
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       316
       316
       +
             <para>

     

       317
       317
       +
               Let's also make sure the NixOS configuration files are kept once

     

       318
       318
       +
               we reboot on NixOS:

     

       319
       319
       +
             </para>

     

       320
       320
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       321
       321
       +
       $ echo etc/nixos | sudo tee -a /etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE

     

       322
       322
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       323
       323
       +
           </listitem>

     

       324
       324
       +
           <listitem>

     

       325
       325
       +
             <para>

     

       326
       326
       +
               Finally, move the <literal>/boot</literal> directory of your

     

       327
       327
       +
               current distribution out of the way (the lustrate process will

     

       328
       328
       +
               take care of the rest once you reboot, but this one must be

     

       329
       329
       +
               moved out now because NixOS needs to install its own boot files:

     

       330
       330
       +
             </para>

     

       331
       331
       +
             <warning>

     

       332
       332
       +
               <para>

     

       333
       333
       +
                 Once you complete this step, your current distribution will no

     

       334
       334
       +
                 longer be bootable! If you didn't get all the NixOS

     

       335
       335
       +
                 configuration right, especially those settings pertaining to

     

       336
       336
       +
                 boot loading and root partition, NixOS may not be bootable

     

       337
       337
       +
                 either. Have a USB rescue device ready in case this happens.

     

       338
       338
       +
               </para>

     

       339
       339
       +
             </warning>

     

       340
       340
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       341
       341
       +
       $ sudo mv -v /boot /boot.bak &amp;&amp;

     

       342
       342
       +
       sudo /nix/var/nix/profiles/system/bin/switch-to-configuration boot

     

       343
       343
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       344
       344
       +
             <para>

     

       345
       345
       +
               Cross your fingers, reboot, hopefully you should get a NixOS

     

       346
       346
       +
               prompt!

     

       347
       347
       +
             </para>

     

       348
       348
       +
           </listitem>

     

       349
       349
       +
           <listitem>

     

       350
       350
       +
             <para>

     

       351
       351
       +
               If for some reason you want to revert to the old distribution,

     

       352
       352
       +
               you'll need to boot on a USB rescue disk and do something along

     

       353
       353
       +
               these lines:

     

       354
       354
       +
             </para>

     

       355
       355
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       356
       356
       +
       # mkdir root

     

       357
       357
       +
       # mount /dev/sdaX root

     

       358
       358
       +
       # mkdir root/nixos-root

     

       359
       359
       +
       # mv -v root/* root/nixos-root/

     

       360
       360
       +
       # mv -v root/nixos-root/old-root/* root/

     

       361
       361
       +
       # mv -v root/boot.bak root/boot  # We had renamed this by hand earlier

     

       362
       362
       +
       # umount root

     

       363
       363
       +
       # reboot

     

       364
       364
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       365
       365
       +
             <para>

     

       366
       366
       +
               This may work as is or you might also need to reinstall the boot

     

       367
       367
       +
               loader.

     

       368
       368
       +
             </para>

     

       369
       369
       +
             <para>

     

       370
       370
       +
               And of course, if you're happy with NixOS and no longer need the

     

       371
       371
       +
               old distribution:

     

       372
       372
       +
             </para>

     

       373
       373
       +
             <programlisting>

     

       374
       374
       +
       sudo rm -rf /old-root

     

       375
       375
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       376
       376
       +
           </listitem>

     

       377
       377
       +
           <listitem>

     

       378
       378
       +
             <para>

     

       379
       379
       +
               It's also worth noting that this whole process can be automated.

     

       380
       380
       +
               This is especially useful for Cloud VMs, where provider do not

     

       381
       381
       +
               provide NixOS. For instance,

     

       382
       382
       +
               <link xlink:href="https://github.com/elitak/nixos-infect">nixos-infect</link>

     

       383
       383
       +
               uses the lustrate process to convert Digital Ocean droplets to

     

       384
       384
       +
               NixOS from other distributions automatically.

     

       385
       385
       +
             </para>

     

       386
       386
       +
           </listitem>

     

       387
       387
       +
         </orderedlist>

     

       388
       388
       +
       </section>

+42

nixos/doc/manual/from_md/installation/installing-pxe.section.xml

···

       1
       1
       +
       <section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:id="sec-booting-from-pxe">

     

       2
       2
       +
         <title>Booting from the <quote>netboot</quote> media (PXE)</title>

     

       3
       3
       +
         <para>

     

       4
       4
       +
           Advanced users may wish to install NixOS using an existing PXE or

     

       5
       5
       +
           iPXE setup.

     

       6
       6
       +
         </para>

     

       7
       7
       +
         <para>

     

       8
       8
       +
           These instructions assume that you have an existing PXE or iPXE

     

       9
       9
       +
           infrastructure and simply want to add the NixOS installer as another

     

       10
       10
       +
           option. To build the necessary files from a recent version of

     

       11
       11
       +
           nixpkgs, you can run:

     

       12
       12
       +
         </para>

     

       13
       13
       +
         <programlisting>

     

       14
       14
       +
       nix-build -A netboot.x86_64-linux nixos/release.nix

     

       15
       15
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       16
       16
       +
         <para>

     

       17
       17
       +
           This will create a <literal>result</literal> directory containing: *

     

       18
       18
       +
           <literal>bzImage</literal> – the Linux kernel *

     

       19
       19
       +
           <literal>initrd</literal> – the initrd file *

     

       20
       20
       +
           <literal>netboot.ipxe</literal> – an example ipxe script

     

       21
       21
       +
           demonstrating the appropriate kernel command line arguments for this

     

       22
       22
       +
           image

     

       23
       23
       +
         </para>

     

       24
       24
       +
         <para>

     

       25
       25
       +
           If you’re using plain PXE, configure your boot loader to use the

     

       26
       26
       +
           <literal>bzImage</literal> and <literal>initrd</literal> files and

     

       27
       27
       +
           have it provide the same kernel command line arguments found in

     

       28
       28
       +
           <literal>netboot.ipxe</literal>.

     

       29
       29
       +
         </para>

     

       30
       30
       +
         <para>

     

       31
       31
       +
           If you’re using iPXE, depending on how your HTTP/FTP/etc. server is

     

       32
       32
       +
           configured you may be able to use <literal>netboot.ipxe</literal>

     

       33
       33
       +
           unmodified, or you may need to update the paths to the files to

     

       34
       34
       +
           match your server’s directory layout.

     

       35
       35
       +
         </para>

     

       36
       36
       +
         <para>

     

       37
       37
       +
           In the future we may begin making these files available as build

     

       38
       38
       +
           products from hydra at which point we will update this documentation

     

       39
       39
       +
           with instructions on how to obtain them either for placing on a

     

       40
       40
       +
           dedicated TFTP server or to boot them directly over the internet.

     

       41
       41
       +
         </para>

     

       42
       42
       +
       </section>

+35

nixos/doc/manual/from_md/installation/installing-usb.section.xml

···

       1
       1
       +
       <section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:id="sec-booting-from-usb">

     

       2
       2
       +
         <title>Booting from a USB Drive</title>

     

       3
       3
       +
         <para>

     

       4
       4
       +
           For systems without CD drive, the NixOS live CD can be booted from a

     

       5
       5
       +
           USB stick. You can use the <literal>dd</literal> utility to write

     

       6
       6
       +
           the image: <literal>dd if=path-to-image of=/dev/sdX</literal>. Be

     

       7
       7
       +
           careful about specifying the correct drive; you can use the

     

       8
       8
       +
           <literal>lsblk</literal> command to get a list of block devices.

     

       9
       9
       +
         </para>

     

       10
       10
       +
         <note>

     

       11
       11
       +
           <title>On macOS</title>

     

       12
       12
       +
           <programlisting>

     

       13
       13
       +
       $ diskutil list

     

       14
       14
       +
       [..]

     

       15
       15
       +
       /dev/diskN (external, physical):

     

       16
       16
       +
          #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER

     

       17
       17
       +
       [..]

     

       18
       18
       +
       $ diskutil unmountDisk diskN

     

       19
       19
       +
       Unmount of all volumes on diskN was successful

     

       20
       20
       +
       $ sudo dd if=nix.iso of=/dev/rdiskN

     

       21
       21
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       22
       22
       +
           <para>

     

       23
       23
       +
             Using the 'raw' <literal>rdiskN</literal> device instead of

     

       24
       24
       +
             <literal>diskN</literal> completes in minutes instead of hours.

     

       25
       25
       +
             After <literal>dd</literal> completes, a GUI dialog &quot;The disk

     

       26
       26
       +
             you inserted was not readable by this computer&quot; will pop up,

     

       27
       27
       +
             which can be ignored.

     

       28
       28
       +
           </para>

     

       29
       29
       +
         </note>

     

       30
       30
       +
         <para>

     

       31
       31
       +
           The <literal>dd</literal> utility will write the image verbatim to

     

       32
       32
       +
           the drive, making it the recommended option for both UEFI and

     

       33
       33
       +
           non-UEFI installations.

     

       34
       34
       +
         </para>

     

       35
       35
       +
       </section>

+92

nixos/doc/manual/from_md/installation/installing-virtualbox-guest.section.xml

···

       1
       1
       +
       <section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:id="sec-instaling-virtualbox-guest">

     

       2
       2
       +
         <title>Installing in a VirtualBox guest</title>

     

       3
       3
       +
         <para>

     

       4
       4
       +
           Installing NixOS into a VirtualBox guest is convenient for users who

     

       5
       5
       +
           want to try NixOS without installing it on bare metal. If you want

     

       6
       6
       +
           to use a pre-made VirtualBox appliance, it is available at

     

       7
       7
       +
           <link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/nixos/download.html">the

     

       8
       8
       +
           downloads page</link>. If you want to set up a VirtualBox guest

     

       9
       9
       +
           manually, follow these instructions:

     

       10
       10
       +
         </para>

     

       11
       11
       +
         <orderedlist numeration="arabic">

     

       12
       12
       +
           <listitem>

     

       13
       13
       +
             <para>

     

       14
       14
       +
               Add a New Machine in VirtualBox with OS Type &quot;Linux / Other

     

       15
       15
       +
               Linux&quot;

     

       16
       16
       +
             </para>

     

       17
       17
       +
           </listitem>

     

       18
       18
       +
           <listitem>

     

       19
       19
       +
             <para>

     

       20
       20
       +
               Base Memory Size: 768 MB or higher.

     

       21
       21
       +
             </para>

     

       22
       22
       +
           </listitem>

     

       23
       23
       +
           <listitem>

     

       24
       24
       +
             <para>

     

       25
       25
       +
               New Hard Disk of 8 GB or higher.

     

       26
       26
       +
             </para>

     

       27
       27
       +
           </listitem>

     

       28
       28
       +
           <listitem>

     

       29
       29
       +
             <para>

     

       30
       30
       +
               Mount the CD-ROM with the NixOS ISO (by clicking on CD/DVD-ROM)

     

       31
       31
       +
             </para>

     

       32
       32
       +
           </listitem>

     

       33
       33
       +
           <listitem>

     

       34
       34
       +
             <para>

     

       35
       35
       +
               Click on Settings / System / Processor and enable PAE/NX

     

       36
       36
       +
             </para>

     

       37
       37
       +
           </listitem>

     

       38
       38
       +
           <listitem>

     

       39
       39
       +
             <para>

     

       40
       40
       +
               Click on Settings / System / Acceleration and enable

     

       41
       41
       +
               &quot;VT-x/AMD-V&quot; acceleration

     

       42
       42
       +
             </para>

     

       43
       43
       +
           </listitem>

     

       44
       44
       +
           <listitem>

     

       45
       45
       +
             <para>

     

       46
       46
       +
               Click on Settings / Display / Screen and select VMSVGA as

     

       47
       47
       +
               Graphics Controller

     

       48
       48
       +
             </para>

     

       49
       49
       +
           </listitem>

     

       50
       50
       +
           <listitem>

     

       51
       51
       +
             <para>

     

       52
       52
       +
               Save the settings, start the virtual machine, and continue

     

       53
       53
       +
               installation like normal

     

       54
       54
       +
             </para>

     

       55
       55
       +
           </listitem>

     

       56
       56
       +
         </orderedlist>

     

       57
       57
       +
         <para>

     

       58
       58
       +
           There are a few modifications you should make in configuration.nix.

     

       59
       59
       +
           Enable booting:

     

       60
       60
       +
         </para>

     

       61
       61
       +
         <programlisting language="bash">

     

       62
       62
       +
       boot.loader.grub.device = &quot;/dev/sda&quot;;

     

       63
       63
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       64
       64
       +
         <para>

     

       65
       65
       +
           Also remove the fsck that runs at startup. It will always fail to

     

       66
       66
       +
           run, stopping your boot until you press <literal>*</literal>.

     

       67
       67
       +
         </para>

     

       68
       68
       +
         <programlisting language="bash">

     

       69
       69
       +
       boot.initrd.checkJournalingFS = false;

     

       70
       70
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       71
       71
       +
         <para>

     

       72
       72
       +
           Shared folders can be given a name and a path in the host system in

     

       73
       73
       +
           the VirtualBox settings (Machine / Settings / Shared Folders, then

     

       74
       74
       +
           click on the &quot;Add&quot; icon). Add the following to the

     

       75
       75
       +
           <literal>/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</literal> to auto-mount them.

     

       76
       76
       +
           If you do not add <literal>&quot;nofail&quot;</literal>, the system

     

       77
       77
       +
           will not boot properly.

     

       78
       78
       +
         </para>

     

       79
       79
       +
         <programlisting language="bash">

     

       80
       80
       +
       { config, pkgs, ...} :

     

       81
       81
       +
       {

     

       82
       82
       +
         fileSystems.&quot;/virtualboxshare&quot; = {

     

       83
       83
       +
           fsType = &quot;vboxsf&quot;;

     

       84
       84
       +
           device = &quot;nameofthesharedfolder&quot;;

     

       85
       85
       +
           options = [ &quot;rw&quot; &quot;nofail&quot; ];

     

       86
       86
       +
         };

     

       87
       87
       +
       }

     

       88
       88
       +
       </programlisting>

     

       89
       89
       +
         <para>

     

       90
       90
       +
           The folder will be available directly under the root directory.

     

       91
       91
       +
         </para>

     

       92
       92
       +
       </section>

+29

nixos/doc/manual/installation/installing-behind-a-proxy.section.md

···

       1
       1
       +
       # Installing behind a proxy {#sec-installing-behind-proxy}

     

       2
       2
       +
       

     

       3
       3
       +
       To install NixOS behind a proxy, do the following before running

     

       4
       4
       +
       `nixos-install`.

     

       5
       5
       +
       

     

       6
       6
       +
       1.  Update proxy configuration in `/mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix` to

     

       7
       7
       +
           keep the internet accessible after reboot.

     

       8
       8
       +
       

     

       9
       9
       +
           ```nix

     

       10
       10
       +
           networking.proxy.default = "http://user:password@proxy:port/";

     

       11
       11
       +
           networking.proxy.noProxy = "127.0.0.1,localhost,internal.domain";

     

       12
       12
       +
           ```

     

       13
       13
       +
       

     

       14
       14
       +
       1.  Setup the proxy environment variables in the shell where you are

     

       15
       15
       +
           running `nixos-install`.

     

       16
       16
       +
       

     

       17
       17
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       18
       18
       +
           # proxy_url="http://user:password@proxy:port/"

     

       19
       19
       +
           # export http_proxy="$proxy_url"

     

       20
       20
       +
           # export HTTP_PROXY="$proxy_url"

     

       21
       21
       +
           # export https_proxy="$proxy_url"

     

       22
       22
       +
           # export HTTPS_PROXY="$proxy_url"

     

       23
       23
       +
           ```

     

       24
       24
       +
       

     

       25
       25
       +
       ::: {.note}

     

       26
       26
       +
       If you are switching networks with different proxy configurations, use

     

       27
       27
       +
       the `specialisation` option in `configuration.nix` to switch proxies at

     

       28
       28
       +
       runtime. Refer to [](#ch-options) for more information.

     

       29
       29
       +
       :::

-48

nixos/doc/manual/installation/installing-behind-a-proxy.xml

···

       1
       1
       -
       <section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"

     

       2
       2
       -
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"

     

       3
       3
       -
                xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"

     

       4
       4
       -
                version="5.0"

     

       5
       5
       -
                xml:id="sec-installing-behind-proxy">

     

       6
       6
       -
        <title>Installing behind a proxy</title>

     

       7
       7
       -
       

     

       8
       8
       -
        <para>

     

       9
       9
       -
         To install NixOS behind a proxy, do the following before running

     

       10
       10
       -
         <literal>nixos-install</literal>.

     

       11
       11
       -
        </para>

     

       12
       12
       -
       

     

       13
       13
       -
        <orderedlist numeration="arabic">

     

       14
       14
       -
         <listitem>

     

       15
       15
       -
          <para>

     

       16
       16
       -
           Update proxy configuration in

     

       17
       17
       -
           <literal>/mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</literal> to keep the internet

     

       18
       18
       -
           accessible after reboot.

     

       19
       19
       -
          </para>

     

       20
       20
       -
       <programlisting>

     

       21
       21
       -
       networking.proxy.default = &quot;http://user:password@proxy:port/&quot;;

     

       22
       22
       -
       networking.proxy.noProxy = &quot;127.0.0.1,localhost,internal.domain&quot;;

     

       23
       23
       -
       </programlisting>

     

       24
       24
       -
         </listitem>

     

       25
       25
       -
         <listitem>

     

       26
       26
       -
          <para>

     

       27
       27
       -
           Setup the proxy environment variables in the shell where you are running

     

       28
       28
       -
           <literal>nixos-install</literal>.

     

       29
       29
       -
          </para>

     

       30
       30
       -
       <screen>

     

       31
       31
       -
       <prompt># </prompt>proxy_url=&quot;http://user:password@proxy:port/&quot;

     

       32
       32
       -
       <prompt># </prompt>export http_proxy=&quot;$proxy_url&quot;

     

       33
       33
       -
       <prompt># </prompt>export HTTP_PROXY=&quot;$proxy_url&quot;

     

       34
       34
       -
       <prompt># </prompt>export https_proxy=&quot;$proxy_url&quot;

     

       35
       35
       -
       <prompt># </prompt>export HTTPS_PROXY=&quot;$proxy_url&quot;

     

       36
       36
       -
       </screen>

     

       37
       37
       -
         </listitem>

     

       38
       38
       -
        </orderedlist>

     

       39
       39
       -
       

     

       40
       40
       -
        <note>

     

       41
       41
       -
         <para>

     

       42
       42
       -
          If you are switching networks with different proxy configurations, use the

     

       43
       43
       -
          <literal>specialisation</literal> option in

     

       44
       44
       -
          <literal>configuration.nix</literal> to switch proxies at runtime. Refer to

     

       45
       45
       -
          <xref linkend="ch-options" /> for more information.

     

       46
       46
       -
         </para>

     

       47
       47
       -
        </note>

     

       48
       48
       -
       </section>

+279

nixos/doc/manual/installation/installing-from-other-distro.section.md

···

       1
       1
       +
       # Installing from another Linux distribution {#sec-installing-from-other-distro}

     

       2
       2
       +
       

     

       3
       3
       +
       Because Nix (the package manager) & Nixpkgs (the Nix packages

     

       4
       4
       +
       collection) can both be installed on any (most?) Linux distributions,

     

       5
       5
       +
       they can be used to install NixOS in various creative ways. You can, for

     

       6
       6
       +
       instance:

     

       7
       7
       +
       

     

       8
       8
       +
       1.  Install NixOS on another partition, from your existing Linux

     

       9
       9
       +
           distribution (without the use of a USB or optical device!)

     

       10
       10
       +
       

     

       11
       11
       +
       1.  Install NixOS on the same partition (in place!), from your existing

     

       12
       12
       +
           non-NixOS Linux distribution using `NIXOS_LUSTRATE`.

     

       13
       13
       +
       

     

       14
       14
       +
       1.  Install NixOS on your hard drive from the Live CD of any Linux

     

       15
       15
       +
           distribution.

     

       16
       16
       +
       

     

       17
       17
       +
       The first steps to all these are the same:

     

       18
       18
       +
       

     

       19
       19
       +
       1.  Install the Nix package manager:

     

       20
       20
       +
       

     

       21
       21
       +
           Short version:

     

       22
       22
       +
       

     

       23
       23
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       24
       24
       +
           $ curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh

     

       25
       25
       +
           $ . $HOME/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh # …or open a fresh shell

     

       26
       26
       +
           ```

     

       27
       27
       +
       

     

       28
       28
       +
           More details in the [ Nix

     

       29
       29
       +
           manual](https://nixos.org/nix/manual/#chap-quick-start)

     

       30
       30
       +
       

     

       31
       31
       +
       1.  Switch to the NixOS channel:

     

       32
       32
       +
       

     

       33
       33
       +
           If you\'ve just installed Nix on a non-NixOS distribution, you will

     

       34
       34
       +
           be on the `nixpkgs` channel by default.

     

       35
       35
       +
       

     

       36
       36
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       37
       37
       +
           $ nix-channel --list

     

       38
       38
       +
           nixpkgs https://nixos.org/channels/nixpkgs-unstable

     

       39
       39
       +
           ```

     

       40
       40
       +
       

     

       41
       41
       +
           As that channel gets released without running the NixOS tests, it

     

       42
       42
       +
           will be safer to use the `nixos-*` channels instead:

     

       43
       43
       +
       

     

       44
       44
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       45
       45
       +
           $ nix-channel --add https://nixos.org/channels/nixos-version nixpkgs

     

       46
       46
       +
           ```

     

       47
       47
       +
       

     

       48
       48
       +
           You may want to throw in a `nix-channel --update` for good measure.

     

       49
       49
       +
       

     

       50
       50
       +
       1.  Install the NixOS installation tools:

     

       51
       51
       +
       

     

       52
       52
       +
           You\'ll need `nixos-generate-config` and `nixos-install`, but this

     

       53
       53
       +
           also makes some man pages and `nixos-enter` available, just in case

     

       54
       54
       +
           you want to chroot into your NixOS partition. NixOS installs these

     

       55
       55
       +
           by default, but you don\'t have NixOS yet..

     

       56
       56
       +
       

     

       57
       57
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       58
       58
       +
           $ nix-env -f '<nixpkgs>' -iA nixos-install-tools

     

       59
       59
       +
           ```

     

       60
       60
       +
       

     

       61
       61
       +
       1.  ::: {.note}

     

       62
       62
       +
           The following 5 steps are only for installing NixOS to another

     

       63
       63
       +
           partition. For installing NixOS in place using `NIXOS_LUSTRATE`,

     

       64
       64
       +
           skip ahead.

     

       65
       65
       +
           :::

     

       66
       66
       +
       

     

       67
       67
       +
           Prepare your target partition:

     

       68
       68
       +
       

     

       69
       69
       +
           At this point it is time to prepare your target partition. Please

     

       70
       70
       +
           refer to the partitioning, file-system creation, and mounting steps

     

       71
       71
       +
           of [](#sec-installation)

     

       72
       72
       +
       

     

       73
       73
       +
           If you\'re about to install NixOS in place using `NIXOS_LUSTRATE`

     

       74
       74
       +
           there is nothing to do for this step.

     

       75
       75
       +
       

     

       76
       76
       +
       1.  Generate your NixOS configuration:

     

       77
       77
       +
       

     

       78
       78
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       79
       79
       +
           $ sudo `which nixos-generate-config` --root /mnt

     

       80
       80
       +
           ```

     

       81
       81
       +
       

     

       82
       82
       +
           You\'ll probably want to edit the configuration files. Refer to the

     

       83
       83
       +
           `nixos-generate-config` step in [](#sec-installation) for more

     

       84
       84
       +
           information.

     

       85
       85
       +
       

     

       86
       86
       +
           Consider setting up the NixOS bootloader to give you the ability to

     

       87
       87
       +
           boot on your existing Linux partition. For instance, if you\'re

     

       88
       88
       +
           using GRUB and your existing distribution is running Ubuntu, you may

     

       89
       89
       +
           want to add something like this to your `configuration.nix`:

     

       90
       90
       +
       

     

       91
       91
       +
           ```nix

     

       92
       92
       +
           boot.loader.grub.extraEntries = ''

     

       93
       93
       +
             menuentry "Ubuntu" {

     

       94
       94
       +
               search --set=ubuntu --fs-uuid 3cc3e652-0c1f-4800-8451-033754f68e6e

     

       95
       95
       +
               configfile "($ubuntu)/boot/grub/grub.cfg"

     

       96
       96
       +
             }

     

       97
       97
       +
           '';

     

       98
       98
       +
           ```

     

       99
       99
       +
       

     

       100
       100
       +
           (You can find the appropriate UUID for your partition in

     

       101
       101
       +
           `/dev/disk/by-uuid`)

     

       102
       102
       +
       

     

       103
       103
       +
       1.  Create the `nixbld` group and user on your original distribution:

     

       104
       104
       +
       

     

       105
       105
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       106
       106
       +
           $ sudo groupadd -g 30000 nixbld

     

       107
       107
       +
           $ sudo useradd -u 30000 -g nixbld -G nixbld nixbld

     

       108
       108
       +
           ```

     

       109
       109
       +
       

     

       110
       110
       +
       1.  Download/build/install NixOS:

     

       111
       111
       +
       

     

       112
       112
       +
           ::: {.warning}

     

       113
       113
       +
           Once you complete this step, you might no longer be able to boot on

     

       114
       114
       +
           existing systems without the help of a rescue USB drive or similar.

     

       115
       115
       +
           :::

     

       116
       116
       +
       

     

       117
       117
       +
           ::: {.note}

     

       118
       118
       +
           On some distributions there are separate PATHS for programs intended

     

       119
       119
       +
           only for root. In order for the installation to succeed, you might

     

       120
       120
       +
           have to use `PATH="$PATH:/usr/sbin:/sbin"` in the following command.

     

       121
       121
       +
           :::

     

       122
       122
       +
       

     

       123
       123
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       124
       124
       +
           $ sudo PATH="$PATH" NIX_PATH="$NIX_PATH" `which nixos-install` --root /mnt

     

       125
       125
       +
           ```

     

       126
       126
       +
       

     

       127
       127
       +
           Again, please refer to the `nixos-install` step in

     

       128
       128
       +
           [](#sec-installation) for more information.

     

       129
       129
       +
       

     

       130
       130
       +
           That should be it for installation to another partition!

     

       131
       131
       +
       

     

       132
       132
       +
       1.  Optionally, you may want to clean up your non-NixOS distribution:

     

       133
       133
       +
       

     

       134
       134
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       135
       135
       +
           $ sudo userdel nixbld

     

       136
       136
       +
           $ sudo groupdel nixbld

     

       137
       137
       +
           ```

     

       138
       138
       +
       

     

       139
       139
       +
           If you do not wish to keep the Nix package manager installed either,

     

       140
       140
       +
           run something like `sudo rm -rv ~/.nix-* /nix` and remove the line

     

       141
       141
       +
           that the Nix installer added to your `~/.profile`.

     

       142
       142
       +
       

     

       143
       143
       +
       1.  ::: {.note}

     

       144
       144
       +
           The following steps are only for installing NixOS in place using

     

       145
       145
       +
           `NIXOS_LUSTRATE`:

     

       146
       146
       +
           :::

     

       147
       147
       +
       

     

       148
       148
       +
           Generate your NixOS configuration:

     

       149
       149
       +
       

     

       150
       150
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       151
       151
       +
           $ sudo `which nixos-generate-config` --root /

     

       152
       152
       +
           ```

     

       153
       153
       +
       

     

       154
       154
       +
           Note that this will place the generated configuration files in

     

       155
       155
       +
           `/etc/nixos`. You\'ll probably want to edit the configuration files.

     

       156
       156
       +
           Refer to the `nixos-generate-config` step in

     

       157
       157
       +
           [](#sec-installation) for more information.

     

       158
       158
       +
       

     

       159
       159
       +
           You\'ll likely want to set a root password for your first boot using

     

       160
       160
       +
           the configuration files because you won\'t have a chance to enter a

     

       161
       161
       +
           password until after you reboot. You can initalize the root password

     

       162
       162
       +
           to an empty one with this line: (and of course don\'t forget to set

     

       163
       163
       +
           one once you\'ve rebooted or to lock the account with

     

       164
       164
       +
           `sudo passwd -l root` if you use `sudo`)

     

       165
       165
       +
       

     

       166
       166
       +
           ```nix

     

       167
       167
       +
           users.users.root.initialHashedPassword = "";

     

       168
       168
       +
           ```

     

       169
       169
       +
       

     

       170
       170
       +
       1.  Build the NixOS closure and install it in the `system` profile:

     

       171
       171
       +
       

     

       172
       172
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       173
       173
       +
           $ nix-env -p /nix/var/nix/profiles/system -f '<nixpkgs/nixos>' -I nixos-config=/etc/nixos/configuration.nix -iA system

     

       174
       174
       +
           ```

     

       175
       175
       +
       

     

       176
       176
       +
       1.  Change ownership of the `/nix` tree to root (since your Nix install

     

       177
       177
       +
           was probably single user):

     

       178
       178
       +
       

     

       179
       179
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       180
       180
       +
           $ sudo chown -R 0.0 /nix

     

       181
       181
       +
           ```

     

       182
       182
       +
       

     

       183
       183
       +
       1.  Set up the `/etc/NIXOS` and `/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE` files:

     

       184
       184
       +
       

     

       185
       185
       +
           `/etc/NIXOS` officializes that this is now a NixOS partition (the

     

       186
       186
       +
           bootup scripts require its presence).

     

       187
       187
       +
       

     

       188
       188
       +
           `/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE` tells the NixOS bootup scripts to move

     

       189
       189
       +
           *everything* that\'s in the root partition to `/old-root`. This will

     

       190
       190
       +
           move your existing distribution out of the way in the very early

     

       191
       191
       +
           stages of the NixOS bootup. There are exceptions (we do need to keep

     

       192
       192
       +
           NixOS there after all), so the NixOS lustrate process will not

     

       193
       193
       +
           touch:

     

       194
       194
       +
       

     

       195
       195
       +
           -   The `/nix` directory

     

       196
       196
       +
       

     

       197
       197
       +
           -   The `/boot` directory

     

       198
       198
       +
       

     

       199
       199
       +
           -   Any file or directory listed in `/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE` (one per

     

       200
       200
       +
               line)

     

       201
       201
       +
       

     

       202
       202
       +
           ::: {.note}

     

       203
       203
       +
           Support for `NIXOS_LUSTRATE` was added in NixOS 16.09. The act of

     

       204
       204
       +
           \"lustrating\" refers to the wiping of the existing distribution.

     

       205
       205
       +
           Creating `/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE` can also be used on NixOS to remove

     

       206
       206
       +
           all mutable files from your root partition (anything that\'s not in

     

       207
       207
       +
           `/nix` or `/boot` gets \"lustrated\" on the next boot.

     

       208
       208
       +
       

     

       209
       209
       +
           lustrate /ˈlʌstreɪt/ verb.

     

       210
       210
       +
       

     

       211
       211
       +
           purify by expiatory sacrifice, ceremonial washing, or some other

     

       212
       212
       +
           ritual action.

     

       213
       213
       +
           :::

     

       214
       214
       +
       

     

       215
       215
       +
           Let\'s create the files:

     

       216
       216
       +
       

     

       217
       217
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       218
       218
       +
           $ sudo touch /etc/NIXOS

     

       219
       219
       +
           $ sudo touch /etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE

     

       220
       220
       +
           ```

     

       221
       221
       +
       

     

       222
       222
       +
           Let\'s also make sure the NixOS configuration files are kept once we

     

       223
       223
       +
           reboot on NixOS:

     

       224
       224
       +
       

     

       225
       225
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       226
       226
       +
           $ echo etc/nixos | sudo tee -a /etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE

     

       227
       227
       +
           ```

     

       228
       228
       +
       

     

       229
       229
       +
       1.  Finally, move the `/boot` directory of your current distribution out

     

       230
       230
       +
           of the way (the lustrate process will take care of the rest once you

     

       231
       231
       +
           reboot, but this one must be moved out now because NixOS needs to

     

       232
       232
       +
           install its own boot files:

     

       233
       233
       +
       

     

       234
       234
       +
           ::: {.warning}

     

       235
       235
       +
           Once you complete this step, your current distribution will no

     

       236
       236
       +
           longer be bootable! If you didn\'t get all the NixOS configuration

     

       237
       237
       +
           right, especially those settings pertaining to boot loading and root

     

       238
       238
       +
           partition, NixOS may not be bootable either. Have a USB rescue

     

       239
       239
       +
           device ready in case this happens.

     

       240
       240
       +
           :::

     

       241
       241
       +
       

     

       242
       242
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       243
       243
       +
           $ sudo mv -v /boot /boot.bak &&

     

       244
       244
       +
           sudo /nix/var/nix/profiles/system/bin/switch-to-configuration boot

     

       245
       245
       +
           ```

     

       246
       246
       +
       

     

       247
       247
       +
           Cross your fingers, reboot, hopefully you should get a NixOS prompt!

     

       248
       248
       +
       

     

       249
       249
       +
       1.  If for some reason you want to revert to the old distribution,

     

       250
       250
       +
           you\'ll need to boot on a USB rescue disk and do something along

     

       251
       251
       +
           these lines:

     

       252
       252
       +
       

     

       253
       253
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       254
       254
       +
           # mkdir root

     

       255
       255
       +
           # mount /dev/sdaX root

     

       256
       256
       +
           # mkdir root/nixos-root

     

       257
       257
       +
           # mv -v root/* root/nixos-root/

     

       258
       258
       +
           # mv -v root/nixos-root/old-root/* root/

     

       259
       259
       +
           # mv -v root/boot.bak root/boot  # We had renamed this by hand earlier

     

       260
       260
       +
           # umount root

     

       261
       261
       +
           # reboot

     

       262
       262
       +
           ```

     

       263
       263
       +
       

     

       264
       264
       +
           This may work as is or you might also need to reinstall the boot

     

       265
       265
       +
           loader.

     

       266
       266
       +
       

     

       267
       267
       +
           And of course, if you\'re happy with NixOS and no longer need the

     

       268
       268
       +
           old distribution:

     

       269
       269
       +
       

     

       270
       270
       +
           ```ShellSession

     

       271
       271
       +
           sudo rm -rf /old-root

     

       272
       272
       +
           ```

     

       273
       273
       +
       

     

       274
       274
       +
       1.  It\'s also worth noting that this whole process can be automated.

     

       275
       275
       +
           This is especially useful for Cloud VMs, where provider do not

     

       276
       276
       +
           provide NixOS. For instance,

     

       277
       277
       +
           [nixos-infect](https://github.com/elitak/nixos-infect) uses the

     

       278
       278
       +
           lustrate process to convert Digital Ocean droplets to NixOS from

     

       279
       279
       +
           other distributions automatically.

-364

nixos/doc/manual/installation/installing-from-other-distro.xml

···

       1
       1
       -
       <!-- vim: set expandtab ts=2 softtabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 smarttab textwidth=80 wrapmargin=2 -->

     

       2
       2
       -
       <section

     

       3
       3
       -
           xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"

     

       4
       4
       -
           xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"

     

       5
       5
       -
           xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"

     

       6
       6
       -
           version="5.0"

     

       7
       7
       -
           xml:id="sec-installing-from-other-distro">

     

       8
       8
       -
        <title>Installing from another Linux distribution</title>

     

       9
       9
       -
       

     

       10
       10
       -
        <para>

     

       11
       11
       -
         Because Nix (the package manager) &amp; Nixpkgs (the Nix packages collection)

     

       12
       12
       -
         can both be installed on any (most?) Linux distributions, they can be used to

     

       13
       13
       -
         install NixOS in various creative ways. You can, for instance:

     

       14
       14
       -
        </para>

     

       15
       15
       -
       

     

       16
       16
       -
        <orderedlist>

     

       17
       17
       -
         <listitem>

     

       18
       18
       -
          <para>

     

       19
       19
       -
           Install NixOS on another partition, from your existing Linux distribution

     

       20
       20
       -
           (without the use of a USB or optical device!)

     

       21
       21
       -
          </para>

     

       22
       22
       -
         </listitem>

     

       23
       23
       -
         <listitem>

     

       24
       24
       -
          <para>

     

       25
       25
       -
           Install NixOS on the same partition (in place!), from your existing

     

       26
       26
       -
           non-NixOS Linux distribution using <literal>NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal>.

     

       27
       27
       -
          </para>

     

       28
       28
       -
         </listitem>

     

       29
       29
       -
         <listitem>

     

       30
       30
       -
          <para>

     

       31
       31
       -
           Install NixOS on your hard drive from the Live CD of any Linux

     

       32
       32
       -
           distribution.

     

       33
       33
       -
          </para>

     

       34
       34
       -
         </listitem>

     

       35
       35
       -
        </orderedlist>

     

       36
       36
       -
       

     

       37
       37
       -
        <para>

     

       38
       38
       -
         The first steps to all these are the same:

     

       39
       39
       -
        </para>

     

       40
       40
       -
       

     

       41
       41
       -
        <orderedlist>

     

       42
       42
       -
         <listitem>

     

       43
       43
       -
          <para>

     

       44
       44
       -
           Install the Nix package manager:

     

       45
       45
       -
          </para>

     

       46
       46
       -
          <para>

     

       47
       47
       -
           Short version:

     

       48
       48
       -
          </para>

     

       49
       49
       -
       <screen>

     

       50
       50
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh

     

       51
       51
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>. $HOME/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh # …or open a fresh shell</screen>

     

       52
       52
       -
          <para>

     

       53
       53
       -
           More details in the

     

       54
       54
       -
           <link

     

       55
       55
       -
                           xlink:href="https://nixos.org/nix/manual/#chap-quick-start">

     

       56
       56
       -
           Nix manual</link>

     

       57
       57
       -
          </para>

     

       58
       58
       -
         </listitem>

     

       59
       59
       -
         <listitem>

     

       60
       60
       -
          <para>

     

       61
       61
       -
           Switch to the NixOS channel:

     

       62
       62
       -
          </para>

     

       63
       63
       -
          <para>

     

       64
       64
       -
           If you've just installed Nix on a non-NixOS distribution, you will be on

     

       65
       65
       -
           the <literal>nixpkgs</literal> channel by default.

     

       66
       66
       -
          </para>

     

       67
       67
       -
       <screen>

     

       68
       68
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>nix-channel --list

     

       69
       69
       -
       nixpkgs https://nixos.org/channels/nixpkgs-unstable</screen>

     

       70
       70
       -
          <para>

     

       71
       71
       -
           As that channel gets released without running the NixOS tests, it will be

     

       72
       72
       -
           safer to use the <literal>nixos-*</literal> channels instead:

     

       73
       73
       -
          </para>

     

       74
       74
       -
       <screen>

     

       75
       75
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>nix-channel --add https://nixos.org/channels/nixos-<replaceable>version</replaceable> nixpkgs</screen>

     

       76
       76
       -
          <para>

     

       77
       77
       -
           You may want to throw in a <literal>nix-channel --update</literal> for good

     

       78
       78
       -
           measure.

     

       79
       79
       -
          </para>

     

       80
       80
       -
         </listitem>

     

       81
       81
       -
         <listitem>

     

       82
       82
       -
          <para>

     

       83
       83
       -
           Install the NixOS installation tools:

     

       84
       84
       -
          </para>

     

       85
       85
       -
          <para>

     

       86
       86
       -
           You'll need <literal>nixos-generate-config</literal> and

     

       87
       87
       -
           <literal>nixos-install</literal>, but this also makes some man pages

     

       88
       88
       -
           and <literal>nixos-enter</literal> available, just in case you want to chroot into your

     

       89
       89
       -
           NixOS partition. NixOS installs these by default, but you don't have

     

       90
       90
       -
           NixOS yet..

     

       91
       91
       -
          </para>

     

       92
       92
       -
          <screen><prompt>$ </prompt>nix-env -f '&lt;nixpkgs>' -iA nixos-install-tools</screen>

     

       93
       93
       -
         </listitem>

     

       94
       94
       -
         <listitem>

     

       95
       95
       -
          <note>

     

       96
       96
       -
           <para>

     

       97
       97
       -
            The following 5 steps are only for installing NixOS to another partition.

     

       98
       98
       -
            For installing NixOS in place using <literal>NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal>,

     

       99
       99
       -
            skip ahead.

     

       100
       100
       -
           </para>

     

       101
       101
       -
          </note>

     

       102
       102
       -
          <para>

     

       103
       103
       -
           Prepare your target partition:

     

       104
       104
       -
          </para>

     

       105
       105
       -
          <para>

     

       106
       106
       -
           At this point it is time to prepare your target partition. Please refer to

     

       107
       107
       -
           the partitioning, file-system creation, and mounting steps of

     

       108
       108
       -
           <xref linkend="sec-installation" />

     

       109
       109
       -
          </para>

     

       110
       110
       -
          <para>

     

       111
       111
       -
           If you're about to install NixOS in place using

     

       112
       112
       -
           <literal>NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal> there is nothing to do for this step.

     

       113
       113
       -
          </para>

     

       114
       114
       -
         </listitem>

     

       115
       115
       -
         <listitem>

     

       116
       116
       -
          <para>

     

       117
       117
       -
           Generate your NixOS configuration:

     

       118
       118
       -
          </para>

     

       119
       119
       -
       <screen><prompt>$ </prompt>sudo `which nixos-generate-config` --root /mnt</screen>

     

       120
       120
       -
          <para>

     

       121
       121
       -
           You'll probably want to edit the configuration files. Refer to the

     

       122
       122
       -
           <literal>nixos-generate-config</literal> step in

     

       123
       123
       -
           <xref

     

       124
       124
       -
                           linkend="sec-installation" /> for more

     

       125
       125
       -
           information.

     

       126
       126
       -
          </para>

     

       127
       127
       -
          <para>

     

       128
       128
       -
           Consider setting up the NixOS bootloader to give you the ability to boot on

     

       129
       129
       -
           your existing Linux partition. For instance, if you're using GRUB and your

     

       130
       130
       -
           existing distribution is running Ubuntu, you may want to add something like

     

       131
       131
       -
           this to your <literal>configuration.nix</literal>:

     

       132
       132
       -
          </para>

     

       133
       133
       -
       <programlisting>

     

       134
       134
       -
       <xref linkend="opt-boot.loader.grub.extraEntries"/> = ''

     

       135
       135
       -
         menuentry "Ubuntu" {

     

       136
       136
       -
           search --set=ubuntu --fs-uuid 3cc3e652-0c1f-4800-8451-033754f68e6e

     

       137
       137
       -
           configfile "($ubuntu)/boot/grub/grub.cfg"

     

       138
       138
       -
         }

     

       139
       139
       -
       '';</programlisting>

     

       140
       140
       -
          <para>

     

       141
       141
       -
           (You can find the appropriate UUID for your partition in

     

       142
       142
       -
           <literal>/dev/disk/by-uuid</literal>)

     

       143
       143
       -
          </para>

     

       144
       144
       -
         </listitem>

     

       145
       145
       -
         <listitem>

     

       146
       146
       -
          <para>

     

       147
       147
       -
           Create the <literal>nixbld</literal> group and user on your original

     

       148
       148
       -
           distribution:

     

       149
       149
       -
          </para>

     

       150
       150
       -
       <screen>

     

       151
       151
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>sudo groupadd -g 30000 nixbld

     

       152
       152
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>sudo useradd -u 30000 -g nixbld -G nixbld nixbld</screen>

     

       153
       153
       -
         </listitem>

     

       154
       154
       -
         <listitem>

     

       155
       155
       -
          <para>

     

       156
       156
       -
           Download/build/install NixOS:

     

       157
       157
       -
          </para>

     

       158
       158
       -
          <warning>

     

       159
       159
       -
           <para>

     

       160
       160
       -
            Once you complete this step, you might no longer be able to boot on

     

       161
       161
       -
            existing systems without the help of a rescue USB drive or similar.

     

       162
       162
       -
           </para>

     

       163
       163
       -
          </warning>

     

       164
       164
       -
          <note>

     

       165
       165
       -
           <para>

     

       166
       166
       -
            On some distributions there are separate PATHS for programs intended only for root.

     

       167
       167
       -
            In order for the installation to succeed, you might have to use <literal>PATH="$PATH:/usr/sbin:/sbin"</literal>

     

       168
       168
       -
            in the following command.

     

       169
       169
       -
           </para>

     

       170
       170
       -
          </note>

     

       171
       171
       -
       <screen><prompt>$ </prompt>sudo PATH="$PATH" NIX_PATH="$NIX_PATH" `which nixos-install` --root /mnt</screen>

     

       172
       172
       -
          <para>

     

       173
       173
       -
           Again, please refer to the <literal>nixos-install</literal> step in

     

       174
       174
       -
           <xref linkend="sec-installation" /> for more information.

     

       175
       175
       -
          </para>

     

       176
       176
       -
          <para>

     

       177
       177
       -
           That should be it for installation to another partition!

     

       178
       178
       -
          </para>

     

       179
       179
       -
         </listitem>

     

       180
       180
       -
         <listitem>

     

       181
       181
       -
          <para>

     

       182
       182
       -
           Optionally, you may want to clean up your non-NixOS distribution:

     

       183
       183
       -
          </para>

     

       184
       184
       -
       <screen>

     

       185
       185
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>sudo userdel nixbld

     

       186
       186
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>sudo groupdel nixbld</screen>

     

       187
       187
       -
          <para>

     

       188
       188
       -
           If you do not wish to keep the Nix package manager installed either, run

     

       189
       189
       -
           something like <literal>sudo rm -rv ~/.nix-* /nix</literal> and remove the

     

       190
       190
       -
           line that the Nix installer added to your <literal>~/.profile</literal>.

     

       191
       191
       -
          </para>

     

       192
       192
       -
         </listitem>

     

       193
       193
       -
         <listitem>

     

       194
       194
       -
          <note>

     

       195
       195
       -
           <para>

     

       196
       196
       -
            The following steps are only for installing NixOS in place using

     

       197
       197
       -
            <literal>NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal>:

     

       198
       198
       -
           </para>

     

       199
       199
       -
          </note>

     

       200
       200
       -
          <para>

     

       201
       201
       -
           Generate your NixOS configuration:

     

       202
       202
       -
          </para>

     

       203
       203
       -
       <screen><prompt>$ </prompt>sudo `which nixos-generate-config` --root /</screen>

     

       204
       204
       -
          <para>

     

       205
       205
       -
           Note that this will place the generated configuration files in

     

       206
       206
       -
           <literal>/etc/nixos</literal>. You'll probably want to edit the

     

       207
       207
       -
           configuration files. Refer to the <literal>nixos-generate-config</literal>

     

       208
       208
       -
           step in <xref

     

       209
       209
       -
                           linkend="sec-installation" /> for more

     

       210
       210
       -
           information.

     

       211
       211
       -
          </para>

     

       212
       212
       -
          <para>

     

       213
       213
       -
           You'll likely want to set a root password for your first boot using the

     

       214
       214
       -
           configuration files because you won't have a chance to enter a password

     

       215
       215
       -
           until after you reboot. You can initalize the root password to an empty one

     

       216
       216
       -
           with this line: (and of course don't forget to set one once you've rebooted

     

       217
       217
       -
           or to lock the account with <literal>sudo passwd -l root</literal> if you

     

       218
       218
       -
           use <literal>sudo</literal>)

     

       219
       219
       -
          </para>

     

       220
       220
       -
       <programlisting>

     

       221
       221
       -
       <link linkend="opt-users.users._name_.initialHashedPassword">users.users.root.initialHashedPassword</link> = "";

     

       222
       222
       -
       </programlisting>

     

       223
       223
       -
         </listitem>

     

       224
       224
       -
         <listitem>

     

       225
       225
       -
          <para>

     

       226
       226
       -
           Build the NixOS closure and install it in the <literal>system</literal>

     

       227
       227
       -
           profile:

     

       228
       228
       -
          </para>

     

       229
       229
       -
       <screen><prompt>$ </prompt>nix-env -p /nix/var/nix/profiles/system -f '&lt;nixpkgs/nixos&gt;' -I nixos-config=/etc/nixos/configuration.nix -iA system</screen>

     

       230
       230
       -
         </listitem>

     

       231
       231
       -
         <listitem>

     

       232
       232
       -
          <para>

     

       233
       233
       -
           Change ownership of the <literal>/nix</literal> tree to root (since your

     

       234
       234
       -
           Nix install was probably single user):

     

       235
       235
       -
          </para>

     

       236
       236
       -
       <screen><prompt>$ </prompt>sudo chown -R 0.0 /nix</screen>

     

       237
       237
       -
         </listitem>

     

       238
       238
       -
         <listitem>

     

       239
       239
       -
          <para>

     

       240
       240
       -
           Set up the <literal>/etc/NIXOS</literal> and

     

       241
       241
       -
           <literal>/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal> files:

     

       242
       242
       -
          </para>

     

       243
       243
       -
          <para>

     

       244
       244
       -
           <literal>/etc/NIXOS</literal> officializes that this is now a NixOS

     

       245
       245
       -
           partition (the bootup scripts require its presence).

     

       246
       246
       -
          </para>

     

       247
       247
       -
          <para>

     

       248
       248
       -
           <literal>/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal> tells the NixOS bootup scripts to

     

       249
       249
       -
           move <emphasis>everything</emphasis> that's in the root partition to

     

       250
       250
       -
           <literal>/old-root</literal>. This will move your existing distribution out

     

       251
       251
       -
           of the way in the very early stages of the NixOS bootup. There are

     

       252
       252
       -
           exceptions (we do need to keep NixOS there after all), so the NixOS

     

       253
       253
       -
           lustrate process will not touch:

     

       254
       254
       -
          </para>

     

       255
       255
       -
          <itemizedlist>

     

       256
       256
       -
           <listitem>

     

       257
       257
       -
            <para>

     

       258
       258
       -
             The <literal>/nix</literal> directory

     

       259
       259
       -
            </para>

     

       260
       260
       -
           </listitem>

     

       261
       261
       -
           <listitem>

     

       262
       262
       -
            <para>

     

       263
       263
       -
             The <literal>/boot</literal> directory

     

       264
       264
       -
            </para>

     

       265
       265
       -
           </listitem>

     

       266
       266
       -
           <listitem>

     

       267
       267
       -
            <para>

     

       268
       268
       -
             Any file or directory listed in <literal>/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal>

     

       269
       269
       -
             (one per line)

     

       270
       270
       -
            </para>

     

       271
       271
       -
           </listitem>

     

       272
       272
       -
          </itemizedlist>

     

       273
       273
       -
          <note>

     

       274
       274
       -
           <para>

     

       275
       275
       -
            Support for <literal>NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal> was added in NixOS 16.09.

     

       276
       276
       -
            The act of "lustrating" refers to the wiping of the existing distribution.

     

       277
       277
       -
            Creating <literal>/etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE</literal> can also be used on NixOS

     

       278
       278
       -
            to remove all mutable files from your root partition (anything that's not

     

       279
       279
       -
            in <literal>/nix</literal> or <literal>/boot</literal> gets "lustrated" on

     

       280
       280
       -
            the next boot.

     

       281
       281
       -
           </para>

     

       282
       282
       -
           <para>

     

       283
       283
       -
            lustrate /ˈlʌstreɪt/ verb.

     

       284
       284
       -
           </para>

     

       285
       285
       -
           <para>

     

       286
       286
       -
            purify by expiatory sacrifice, ceremonial washing, or some other ritual

     

       287
       287
       -
            action.

     

       288
       288
       -
           </para>

     

       289
       289
       -
          </note>

     

       290
       290
       -
          <para>

     

       291
       291
       -
           Let's create the files:

     

       292
       292
       -
          </para>

     

       293
       293
       -
       <screen>

     

       294
       294
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>sudo touch /etc/NIXOS

     

       295
       295
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>sudo touch /etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE

     

       296
       296
       -
       </screen>

     

       297
       297
       -
          <para>

     

       298
       298
       -
           Let's also make sure the NixOS configuration files are kept once we reboot

     

       299
       299
       -
           on NixOS:

     

       300
       300
       -
          </para>

     

       301
       301
       -
       <screen>

     

       302
       302
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>echo etc/nixos | sudo tee -a /etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE

     

       303
       303
       -
       </screen>

     

       304
       304
       -
         </listitem>

     

       305
       305
       -
         <listitem>

     

       306
       306
       -
          <para>

     

       307
       307
       -
           Finally, move the <literal>/boot</literal> directory of your current

     

       308
       308
       -
           distribution out of the way (the lustrate process will take care of the

     

       309
       309
       -
           rest once you reboot, but this one must be moved out now because NixOS

     

       310
       310
       -
           needs to install its own boot files:

     

       311
       311
       -
          </para>

     

       312
       312
       -
          <warning>

     

       313
       313
       -
           <para>

     

       314
       314
       -
            Once you complete this step, your current distribution will no longer be

     

       315
       315
       -
            bootable! If you didn't get all the NixOS configuration right, especially

     

       316
       316
       -
            those settings pertaining to boot loading and root partition, NixOS may

     

       317
       317
       -
            not be bootable either. Have a USB rescue device ready in case this

     

       318
       318
       -
            happens.

     

       319
       319
       -
           </para>

     

       320
       320
       -
          </warning>

     

       321
       321
       -
       <screen>

     

       322
       322
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>sudo mv -v /boot /boot.bak &amp;&amp;

     

       323
       323
       -
       sudo /nix/var/nix/profiles/system/bin/switch-to-configuration boot

     

       324
       324
       -
       </screen>

     

       325
       325
       -
          <para>

     

       326
       326
       -
           Cross your fingers, reboot, hopefully you should get a NixOS prompt!

     

       327
       327
       -
          </para>

     

       328
       328
       -
         </listitem>

     

       329
       329
       -
         <listitem>

     

       330
       330
       -
          <para>

     

       331
       331
       -
           If for some reason you want to revert to the old distribution, you'll need

     

       332
       332
       -
           to boot on a USB rescue disk and do something along these lines:

     

       333
       333
       -
          </para>

     

       334
       334
       -
       <screen>

     

       335
       335
       -
       <prompt># </prompt>mkdir root

     

       336
       336
       -
       <prompt># </prompt>mount /dev/sdaX root

     

       337
       337
       -
       <prompt># </prompt>mkdir root/nixos-root

     

       338
       338
       -
       <prompt># </prompt>mv -v root/* root/nixos-root/

     

       339
       339
       -
       <prompt># </prompt>mv -v root/nixos-root/old-root/* root/

     

       340
       340
       -
       <prompt># </prompt>mv -v root/boot.bak root/boot  # We had renamed this by hand earlier

     

       341
       341
       -
       <prompt># </prompt>umount root

     

       342
       342
       -
       <prompt># </prompt>reboot</screen>

     

       343
       343
       -
          <para>

     

       344
       344
       -
           This may work as is or you might also need to reinstall the boot loader

     

       345
       345
       -
          </para>

     

       346
       346
       -
          <para>

     

       347
       347
       -
           And of course, if you're happy with NixOS and no longer need the old

     

       348
       348
       -
           distribution:

     

       349
       349
       -
          </para>

     

       350
       350
       -
       <screen>sudo rm -rf /old-root</screen>

     

       351
       351
       -
         </listitem>

     

       352
       352
       -
         <listitem>

     

       353
       353
       -
          <para>

     

       354
       354
       -
           It's also worth noting that this whole process can be automated. This is

     

       355
       355
       -
           especially useful for Cloud VMs, where provider do not provide NixOS. For

     

       356
       356
       -
           instance,

     

       357
       357
       -
           <link

     

       358
       358
       -
                           xlink:href="https://github.com/elitak/nixos-infect">nixos-infect</link>

     

       359
       359
       -
           uses the lustrate process to convert Digital Ocean droplets to NixOS from

     

       360
       360
       -
           other distributions automatically.

     

       361
       361
       -
          </para>

     

       362
       362
       -
         </listitem>

     

       363
       363
       -
        </orderedlist>

     

       364
       364
       -
       </section>

+32

nixos/doc/manual/installation/installing-pxe.section.md

···

       1
       1
       +
       # Booting from the "netboot" media (PXE) {#sec-booting-from-pxe}

     

       2
       2
       +
       

     

       3
       3
       +
       Advanced users may wish to install NixOS using an existing PXE or iPXE

     

       4
       4
       +
       setup.

     

       5
       5
       +
       

     

       6
       6
       +
       These instructions assume that you have an existing PXE or iPXE

     

       7
       7
       +
       infrastructure and simply want to add the NixOS installer as another

     

       8
       8
       +
       option. To build the necessary files from a recent version of nixpkgs,

     

       9
       9
       +
       you can run:

     

       10
       10
       +
       

     

       11
       11
       +
       ```ShellSession

     

       12
       12
       +
       nix-build -A netboot.x86_64-linux nixos/release.nix

     

       13
       13
       +
       ```

     

       14
       14
       +
       

     

       15
       15
       +
       This will create a `result` directory containing: \* `bzImage` -- the

     

       16
       16
       +
       Linux kernel \* `initrd` -- the initrd file \* `netboot.ipxe` -- an

     

       17
       17
       +
       example ipxe script demonstrating the appropriate kernel command line

     

       18
       18
       +
       arguments for this image

     

       19
       19
       +
       

     

       20
       20
       +
       If you're using plain PXE, configure your boot loader to use the

     

       21
       21
       +
       `bzImage` and `initrd` files and have it provide the same kernel command

     

       22
       22
       +
       line arguments found in `netboot.ipxe`.

     

       23
       23
       +
       

     

       24
       24
       +
       If you're using iPXE, depending on how your HTTP/FTP/etc. server is

     

       25
       25
       +
       configured you may be able to use `netboot.ipxe` unmodified, or you may

     

       26
       26
       +
       need to update the paths to the files to match your server's directory

     

       27
       27
       +
       layout.

     

       28
       28
       +
       

     

       29
       29
       +
       In the future we may begin making these files available as build

     

       30
       30
       +
       products from hydra at which point we will update this documentation

     

       31
       31
       +
       with instructions on how to obtain them either for placing on a

     

       32
       32
       +
       dedicated TFTP server or to boot them directly over the internet.

-50

nixos/doc/manual/installation/installing-pxe.xml

···

       1
       1
       -
       <section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"

     

       2
       2
       -
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"

     

       3
       3
       -
                xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"

     

       4
       4
       -
                version="5.0"

     

       5
       5
       -
                xml:id="sec-booting-from-pxe">

     

       6
       6
       -
        <title>Booting from the <quote>netboot</quote> media (PXE)</title>

     

       7
       7
       -
       

     

       8
       8
       -
        <para>

     

       9
       9
       -
         Advanced users may wish to install NixOS using an existing PXE or iPXE setup.

     

       10
       10
       -
        </para>

     

       11
       11
       -
       

     

       12
       12
       -
        <para>

     

       13
       13
       -
         These instructions assume that you have an existing PXE or iPXE

     

       14
       14
       -
         infrastructure and simply want to add the NixOS installer as another option.

     

       15
       15
       -
         To build the necessary files from a recent version of nixpkgs, you can run:

     

       16
       16
       -
        </para>

     

       17
       17
       -
       

     

       18
       18
       -
       <programlisting>

     

       19
       19
       -
       nix-build -A netboot.x86_64-linux nixos/release.nix

     

       20
       20
       -
       </programlisting>

     

       21
       21
       -
       

     

       22
       22
       -
        <para>

     

       23
       23
       -
         This will create a <literal>result</literal> directory containing: *

     

       24
       24
       -
         <literal>bzImage</literal> – the Linux kernel * <literal>initrd</literal>

     

       25
       25
       -
         – the initrd file * <literal>netboot.ipxe</literal> – an example ipxe

     

       26
       26
       -
         script demonstrating the appropriate kernel command line arguments for this

     

       27
       27
       -
         image

     

       28
       28
       -
        </para>

     

       29
       29
       -
       

     

       30
       30
       -
        <para>

     

       31
       31
       -
         If you’re using plain PXE, configure your boot loader to use the

     

       32
       32
       -
         <literal>bzImage</literal> and <literal>initrd</literal> files and have it

     

       33
       33
       -
         provide the same kernel command line arguments found in

     

       34
       34
       -
         <literal>netboot.ipxe</literal>.

     

       35
       35
       -
        </para>

     

       36
       36
       -
       

     

       37
       37
       -
        <para>

     

       38
       38
       -
         If you’re using iPXE, depending on how your HTTP/FTP/etc. server is

     

       39
       39
       -
         configured you may be able to use <literal>netboot.ipxe</literal> unmodified,

     

       40
       40
       -
         or you may need to update the paths to the files to match your server’s

     

       41
       41
       -
         directory layout

     

       42
       42
       -
        </para>

     

       43
       43
       -
       

     

       44
       44
       -
        <para>

     

       45
       45
       -
         In the future we may begin making these files available as build products

     

       46
       46
       -
         from hydra at which point we will update this documentation with instructions

     

       47
       47
       -
         on how to obtain them either for placing on a dedicated TFTP server or to

     

       48
       48
       -
         boot them directly over the internet.

     

       49
       49
       -
        </para>

     

       50
       50
       -
       </section>

+31

nixos/doc/manual/installation/installing-usb.section.md

···

       1
       1
       +
       # Booting from a USB Drive {#sec-booting-from-usb}

     

       2
       2
       +
       

     

       3
       3
       +
       For systems without CD drive, the NixOS live CD can be booted from a USB

     

       4
       4
       +
       stick. You can use the `dd` utility to write the image:

     

       5
       5
       +
       `dd if=path-to-image of=/dev/sdX`. Be careful about specifying the correct

     

       6
       6
       +
       drive; you can use the `lsblk` command to get a list of block devices.

     

       7
       7
       +
       

     

       8
       8
       +
       ::: {.note}

     

       9
       9
       +
       ::: {.title}

     

       10
       10
       +
       On macOS

     

       11
       11
       +
       :::

     

       12
       12
       +
       

     

       13
       13
       +
       ```ShellSession

     

       14
       14
       +
       $ diskutil list

     

       15
       15
       +
       [..]

     

       16
       16
       +
       /dev/diskN (external, physical):

     

       17
       17
       +
          #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER

     

       18
       18
       +
       [..]

     

       19
       19
       +
       $ diskutil unmountDisk diskN

     

       20
       20
       +
       Unmount of all volumes on diskN was successful

     

       21
       21
       +
       $ sudo dd if=nix.iso of=/dev/rdiskN

     

       22
       22
       +
       ```

     

       23
       23
       +
       

     

       24
       24
       +
       Using the \'raw\' `rdiskN` device instead of `diskN` completes in

     

       25
       25
       +
       minutes instead of hours. After `dd` completes, a GUI dialog \"The disk

     

       26
       26
       +
       you inserted was not readable by this computer\" will pop up, which can

     

       27
       27
       +
       be ignored.

     

       28
       28
       +
       :::

     

       29
       29
       +
       

     

       30
       30
       +
       The `dd` utility will write the image verbatim to the drive, making it

     

       31
       31
       +
       the recommended option for both UEFI and non-UEFI installations.

-40

nixos/doc/manual/installation/installing-usb.xml

···

       1
       1
       -
       <section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"

     

       2
       2
       -
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"

     

       3
       3
       -
                xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"

     

       4
       4
       -
                version="5.0"

     

       5
       5
       -
                xml:id="sec-booting-from-usb">

     

       6
       6
       -
        <title>Booting from a USB Drive</title>

     

       7
       7
       -
       

     

       8
       8
       -
        <para>

     

       9
       9
       -
         For systems without CD drive, the NixOS live CD can be booted from a USB

     

       10
       10
       -
         stick. You can use the <command>dd</command> utility to write the image:

     

       11
       11
       -
         <command>dd if=<replaceable>path-to-image</replaceable>

     

       12
       12
       -
         of=<replaceable>/dev/sdX</replaceable></command>. Be careful about specifying

     

       13
       13
       -
         the correct drive; you can use the <command>lsblk</command> command to get a

     

       14
       14
       -
         list of block devices.

     

       15
       15
       -
         <note>

     

       16
       16
       -
          <title>On macOS</title>

     

       17
       17
       -
          <para>

     

       18
       18
       -
       <screen>

     

       19
       19
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>diskutil list

     

       20
       20
       -
       [..]

     

       21
       21
       -
       /dev/diskN (external, physical):

     

       22
       22
       -
          #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER

     

       23
       23
       -
       [..]

     

       24
       24
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>diskutil unmountDisk diskN

     

       25
       25
       -
       Unmount of all volumes on diskN was successful

     

       26
       26
       -
       <prompt>$ </prompt>sudo dd if=nix.iso of=/dev/rdiskN

     

       27
       27
       -
       </screen>

     

       28
       28
       -
           Using the 'raw' <command>rdiskN</command> device instead of

     

       29
       29
       -
           <command>diskN</command> completes in minutes instead of hours. After

     

       30
       30
       -
           <command>dd</command> completes, a GUI dialog "The disk you inserted was

     

       31
       31
       -
           not readable by this computer" will pop up, which can be ignored.

     

       32
       32
       -
          </para>

     

       33
       33
       -
         </note>

     

       34
       34
       -
        </para>

     

       35
       35
       -
       

     

       36
       36
       -
        <para>

     

       37
       37
       -
         The <command>dd</command> utility will write the image verbatim to the drive,

     

       38
       38
       -
         making it the recommended option for both UEFI and non-UEFI installations.

     

       39
       39
       -
        </para>

     

       40
       40
       -
       </section>

+59

nixos/doc/manual/installation/installing-virtualbox-guest.section.md

···

       1
       1
       +
       # Installing in a VirtualBox guest {#sec-instaling-virtualbox-guest}

     

       2
       2
       +
       

     

       3
       3
       +
       Installing NixOS into a VirtualBox guest is convenient for users who

     

       4
       4
       +
       want to try NixOS without installing it on bare metal. If you want to

     

       5
       5
       +
       use a pre-made VirtualBox appliance, it is available at [the downloads

     

       6
       6
       +
       page](https://nixos.org/nixos/download.html). If you want to set up a

     

       7
       7
       +
       VirtualBox guest manually, follow these instructions:

     

       8
       8
       +
       

     

       9
       9
       +
       1.  Add a New Machine in VirtualBox with OS Type \"Linux / Other Linux\"

     

       10
       10
       +
       

     

       11
       11
       +
       1.  Base Memory Size: 768 MB or higher.

     

       12
       12
       +
       

     

       13
       13
       +
       1.  New Hard Disk of 8 GB or higher.

     

       14
       14
       +
       

     

       15
       15
       +
       1.  Mount the CD-ROM with the NixOS ISO (by clicking on CD/DVD-ROM)

     

       16
       16
       +
       

     

       17
       17
       +
       1.  Click on Settings / System / Processor and enable PAE/NX

     

       18
       18
       +
       

     

       19
       19
       +
       1.  Click on Settings / System / Acceleration and enable \"VT-x/AMD-V\"

     

       20
       20
       +
           acceleration

     

       21
       21
       +
       

     

       22
       22
       +
       1.  Click on Settings / Display / Screen and select VMSVGA as Graphics

     

       23
       23
       +
           Controller

     

       24
       24
       +
       

     

       25
       25
       +
       1.  Save the settings, start the virtual machine, and continue

     

       26
       26
       +
           installation like normal

     

       27
       27
       +
       

     

       28
       28
       +
       There are a few modifications you should make in configuration.nix.

     

       29
       29
       +
       Enable booting:

     

       30
       30
       +
       

     

       31
       31
       +
       ```nix

     

       32
       32
       +
       boot.loader.grub.device = "/dev/sda";

     

       33
       33
       +
       ```

     

       34
       34
       +
       

     

       35
       35
       +
       Also remove the fsck that runs at startup. It will always fail to run,

     

       36
       36
       +
       stopping your boot until you press `*`.

     

       37
       37
       +
       

     

       38
       38
       +
       ```nix

     

       39
       39
       +
       boot.initrd.checkJournalingFS = false;

     

       40
       40
       +
       ```

     

       41
       41
       +
       

     

       42
       42
       +
       Shared folders can be given a name and a path in the host system in the

     

       43
       43
       +
       VirtualBox settings (Machine / Settings / Shared Folders, then click on

     

       44
       44
       +
       the \"Add\" icon). Add the following to the

     

       45
       45
       +
       `/etc/nixos/configuration.nix` to auto-mount them. If you do not add

     

       46
       46
       +
       `"nofail"`, the system will not boot properly.

     

       47
       47
       +
       

     

       48
       48
       +
       ```nix

     

       49
       49
       +
       { config, pkgs, ...} :

     

       50
       50
       +
       {

     

       51
       51
       +
         fileSystems."/virtualboxshare" = {

     

       52
       52
       +
           fsType = "vboxsf";

     

       53
       53
       +
           device = "nameofthesharedfolder";

     

       54
       54
       +
           options = [ "rw" "nofail" ];

     

       55
       55
       +
         };

     

       56
       56
       +
       }

     

       57
       57
       +
       ```

     

       58
       58
       +
       

     

       59
       59
       +
       The folder will be available directly under the root directory.

-103

nixos/doc/manual/installation/installing-virtualbox-guest.xml

···

       1
       1
       -
       <section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"

     

       2
       2
       -
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"

     

       3
       3
       -
                xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"

     

       4
       4
       -
                version="5.0"

     

       5
       5
       -
                xml:id="sec-instaling-virtualbox-guest">

     

       6
       6
       -
        <title>Installing in a VirtualBox guest</title>

     

       7
       7
       -
       

     

       8
       8
       -
        <para>

     

       9
       9
       -
         Installing NixOS into a VirtualBox guest is convenient for users who want to

     

       10
       10
       -
         try NixOS without installing it on bare metal. If you want to use a pre-made

     

       11
       11
       -
         VirtualBox appliance, it is available at

     

       12
       12
       -
         <link

     

       13
       13
       -
         xlink:href="https://nixos.org/nixos/download.html">the downloads

     

       14
       14
       -
         page</link>. If you want to set up a VirtualBox guest manually, follow these

     

       15
       15
       -
         instructions:

     

       16
       16
       -
        </para>

     

       17
       17
       -
       

     

       18
       18
       -
        <orderedlist>

     

       19
       19
       -
         <listitem>

     

       20
       20
       -
          <para>

     

       21
       21
       -
           Add a New Machine in VirtualBox with OS Type "Linux / Other Linux"

     

       22
       22
       -
          </para>

     

       23
       23
       -
         </listitem>

     

       24
       24
       -
         <listitem>

     

       25
       25
       -
          <para>

     

       26
       26
       -
           Base Memory Size: 768 MB or higher.

     

       27
       27
       -
          </para>

     

       28
       28
       -
         </listitem>

     

       29
       29
       -
         <listitem>

     

       30
       30
       -
          <para>

     

       31
       31
       -
           New Hard Disk of 8 GB or higher.

     

       32
       32
       -
          </para>

     

       33
       33
       -
         </listitem>

     

       34
       34
       -
         <listitem>

     

       35
       35
       -
          <para>

     

       36
       36
       -
           Mount the CD-ROM with the NixOS ISO (by clicking on CD/DVD-ROM)

     

       37
       37
       -
          </para>

     

       38
       38
       -
         </listitem>

     

       39
       39
       -
         <listitem>

     

       40
       40
       -
          <para>

     

       41
       41
       -
           Click on Settings / System / Processor and enable PAE/NX

     

       42
       42
       -
          </para>

     

       43
       43
       -
         </listitem>

     

       44
       44
       -
         <listitem>

     

       45
       45
       -
          <para>

     

       46
       46
       -
           Click on Settings / System / Acceleration and enable "VT-x/AMD-V"

     

       47
       47
       -
           acceleration

     

       48
       48
       -
          </para>

     

       49
       49
       -
         </listitem>

     

       50
       50
       -
         <listitem>

     

       51
       51
       -
          <para>

     

       52
       52
       -
           Click on Settings / Display / Screen and select VMSVGA as Graphics Controller

     

       53
       53
       -
          </para>

     

       54
       54
       -
         </listitem>

     

       55
       55
       -
         <listitem>

     

       56
       56
       -
          <para>

     

       57
       57
       -
           Save the settings, start the virtual machine, and continue installation

     

       58
       58
       -
           like normal

     

       59
       59
       -
          </para>

     

       60
       60
       -
         </listitem>

     

       61
       61
       -
        </orderedlist>

     

       62
       62
       -
       

     

       63
       63
       -
        <para>

     

       64
       64
       -
         There are a few modifications you should make in configuration.nix. Enable

     

       65
       65
       -
         booting:

     

       66
       66
       -
        </para>

     

       67
       67
       -
       

     

       68
       68
       -
       <programlisting>

     

       69
       69
       -
       <xref linkend="opt-boot.loader.grub.device"/> = "/dev/sda";

     

       70
       70
       -
       </programlisting>

     

       71
       71
       -
       

     

       72
       72
       -
        <para>

     

       73
       73
       -
         Also remove the fsck that runs at startup. It will always fail to run,

     

       74
       74
       -
         stopping your boot until you press <literal>*</literal>.

     

       75
       75
       -
        </para>

     

       76
       76
       -
       

     

       77
       77
       -
       <programlisting>

     

       78
       78
       -
       <xref linkend="opt-boot.initrd.checkJournalingFS"/> = false;

     

       79
       79
       -
       </programlisting>

     

       80
       80
       -
       

     

       81
       81
       -
        <para>

     

       82
       82
       -
         Shared folders can be given a name and a path in the host system in the

     

       83
       83
       -
         VirtualBox settings (Machine / Settings / Shared Folders, then click on the

     

       84
       84
       -
         "Add" icon). Add the following to the

     

       85
       85
       -
         <literal>/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</literal> to auto-mount them. If you do

     

       86
       86
       -
         not add <literal>"nofail"</literal>, the system will not boot properly.

     

       87
       87
       -
        </para>

     

       88
       88
       -
       

     

       89
       89
       -
       <programlisting>

     

       90
       90
       -
       { config, pkgs, ...} :

     

       91
       91
       -
       {

     

       92
       92
       -
         fileSystems."/virtualboxshare" = {

     

       93
       93
       -
           fsType = "vboxsf";

     

       94
       94
       -
           device = "nameofthesharedfolder";

     

       95
       95
       -
           options = [ "rw" "nofail" ];

     

       96
       96
       -
         };

     

       97
       97
       -
       }

     

       98
       98
       -
       </programlisting>

     

       99
       99
       -
       

     

       100
       100
       -
        <para>

     

       101
       101
       -
         The folder will be available directly under the root directory.

     

       102
       102
       -
        </para>

     

       103
       103
       -
       </section>

+5 -5

nixos/doc/manual/installation/installing.xml

···

       603
       603
        
        <section xml:id="sec-installation-additional-notes">

     

       604
       604
        
         <title>Additional installation notes</title>

     

       605
       605
        
       

     

       606
       606
       -
         <xi:include href="installing-usb.xml" />

     

       606
       606
       +
         <xi:include href="../from_md/installation/installing-usb.section.xml" />

     

       607
       607
        
       

     

       608
       608
       -
         <xi:include href="installing-pxe.xml" />

     

       608
       608
       +
         <xi:include href="../from_md/installation/installing-pxe.section.xml" />

     

       609
       609
        
       

     

       610
       610
       -
         <xi:include href="installing-virtualbox-guest.xml" />

     

       610
       610
       +
         <xi:include href="../from_md/installation/installing-virtualbox-guest.section.xml" />

     

       611
       611
        
       

     

       612
       612
       -
         <xi:include href="installing-from-other-distro.xml" />

     

       612
       612
       +
         <xi:include href="../from_md/installation/installing-from-other-distro.section.xml" />

     

       613
       613
        
       

     

       614
       614
       -
         <xi:include href="installing-behind-a-proxy.xml" />

     

       614
       614
       +
         <xi:include href="../from_md/installation/installing-behind-a-proxy.section.xml" />

     

       615
       615
        
        </section>

     

       616
       616
        
       </chapter>