commit c603692b0cfb096e9f8b861b7ce39978779a200a · pyrox.dev/nixpkgs

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nixos/doc/manual/administration/cleaning-store.chapter.md

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       # Cleaning the Nix Store {#sec-nix-gc}

     

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       Nix has a purely functional model, meaning that packages are never

     

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       upgraded in place. Instead new versions of packages end up in a

     

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       different location in the Nix store (`/nix/store`). You should

     

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       periodically run Nix's *garbage collector* to remove old, unreferenced

     

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       packages. This is easy:

     

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       ```ShellSession

     

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       $ nix-collect-garbage

     

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       ```

     

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       Alternatively, you can use a systemd unit that does the same in the

     

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       background:

     

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       ```ShellSession

     

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       # systemctl start nix-gc.service

     

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       ```

     

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       You can tell NixOS in `configuration.nix` to run this unit automatically

     

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       at certain points in time, for instance, every night at 03:15:

     

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       ```nix

     

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       nix.gc.automatic = true;

     

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       nix.gc.dates = "03:15";

     

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       ```

     

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       The commands above do not remove garbage collector roots, such as old

     

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       system configurations. Thus they do not remove the ability to roll back

     

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       to previous configurations. The following command deletes old roots,

     

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       removing the ability to roll back to them:

     

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       ```ShellSession

     

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       $ nix-collect-garbage -d

     

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       ```

     

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       You can also do this for specific profiles, e.g.

     

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       ```ShellSession

     

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       $ nix-env -p /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/eelco/profile --delete-generations old

     

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       ```

     

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       Note that NixOS system configurations are stored in the profile

     

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       `/nix/var/nix/profiles/system`.

     

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       Another way to reclaim disk space (often as much as 40% of the size of

     

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       the Nix store) is to run Nix's store optimiser, which seeks out

     

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       identical files in the store and replaces them with hard links to a

     

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       single copy.

     

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       ```ShellSession

     

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       $ nix-store --optimise

     

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       ```

     

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       Since this command needs to read the entire Nix store, it can take quite

     

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       a while to finish.

     

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       ## NixOS Boot Entries {#sect-nixos-gc-boot-entries}

     

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       If your `/boot` partition runs out of space, after clearing old profiles

     

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       you must rebuild your system with `nixos-rebuild` to update the `/boot`

     

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       partition and clear space.

-63

nixos/doc/manual/administration/cleaning-store.xml

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       <chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"

     

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               xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"

     

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               xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"

     

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               version="5.0"

     

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               xml:id="sec-nix-gc">

     

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        <title>Cleaning the Nix Store</title>

     

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        <para>

     

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         Nix has a purely functional model, meaning that packages are never upgraded

     

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         in place. Instead new versions of packages end up in a different location in

     

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         the Nix store (<filename>/nix/store</filename>). You should periodically run

     

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         Nix’s <emphasis>garbage collector</emphasis> to remove old, unreferenced

     

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         packages. This is easy:

     

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       <screen>

     

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       <prompt>$ </prompt>nix-collect-garbage

     

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       </screen>

     

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         Alternatively, you can use a systemd unit that does the same in the

     

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         background:

     

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       <screen>

     

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       <prompt># </prompt>systemctl start nix-gc.service

     

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       </screen>

     

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         You can tell NixOS in <filename>configuration.nix</filename> to run this unit

     

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         automatically at certain points in time, for instance, every night at 03:15:

     

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       <programlisting>

     

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       <xref linkend="opt-nix.gc.automatic"/> = true;

     

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       <xref linkend="opt-nix.gc.dates"/> = "03:15";

     

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       </programlisting>

     

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        </para>

     

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        <para>

     

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         The commands above do not remove garbage collector roots, such as old system

     

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         configurations. Thus they do not remove the ability to roll back to previous

     

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         configurations. The following command deletes old roots, removing the ability

     

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         to roll back to them:

     

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       <screen>

     

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       <prompt>$ </prompt>nix-collect-garbage -d

     

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       </screen>

     

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         You can also do this for specific profiles, e.g.

     

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       <screen>

     

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       <prompt>$ </prompt>nix-env -p /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/eelco/profile --delete-generations old

     

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       </screen>

     

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         Note that NixOS system configurations are stored in the profile

     

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         <filename>/nix/var/nix/profiles/system</filename>.

     

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        </para>

     

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        <para>

     

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         Another way to reclaim disk space (often as much as 40% of the size of the

     

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         Nix store) is to run Nix’s store optimiser, which seeks out identical files

     

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         in the store and replaces them with hard links to a single copy.

     

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       <screen>

     

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       <prompt>$ </prompt>nix-store --optimise

     

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       </screen>

     

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         Since this command needs to read the entire Nix store, it can take quite a

     

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         while to finish.

     

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        </para>

     

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        <section xml:id="sect-nixos-gc-boot-entries">

     

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         <title>NixOS Boot Entries</title>

     

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         <para>

     

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          If your <filename>/boot</filename> partition runs out of space, after

     

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          clearing old profiles you must rebuild your system with

     

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          <literal>nixos-rebuild</literal> to update the <filename>/boot</filename>

     

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          partition and clear space.

     

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         </para>

     

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        </section>

     

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       </chapter>

+1 -1

nixos/doc/manual/administration/running.xml

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        <xi:include href="../from_md/administration/user-sessions.chapter.xml" />

     

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        <xi:include href="../from_md/administration/control-groups.chapter.xml" />

     

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        <xi:include href="../from_md/administration/logging.chapter.xml" />

     

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        <xi:include href="cleaning-store.xml" />

     

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        <xi:include href="containers.xml" />

     

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        <xi:include href="troubleshooting.xml" />

     

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       </part>

···

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        <xi:include href="../from_md/administration/user-sessions.chapter.xml" />

     

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        <xi:include href="../from_md/administration/control-groups.chapter.xml" />

     

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        <xi:include href="../from_md/administration/logging.chapter.xml" />

     

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        <xi:include href="../from_md/administration/cleaning-store.chapter.xml" />

     

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        <xi:include href="containers.xml" />

     

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        <xi:include href="troubleshooting.xml" />

     

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       </part>

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nixos/doc/manual/from_md/administration/cleaning-store.chapter.xml

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       <chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:id="sec-nix-gc">

     

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         <title>Cleaning the Nix Store</title>

     

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         <para>

     

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           Nix has a purely functional model, meaning that packages are never

     

       5
       +
           upgraded in place. Instead new versions of packages end up in a

     

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           different location in the Nix store (<literal>/nix/store</literal>).

     

       7
       +
           You should periodically run Nix’s <emphasis>garbage

     

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           collector</emphasis> to remove old, unreferenced packages. This is

     

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           easy:

     

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         </para>

     

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         <programlisting>

     

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       $ nix-collect-garbage

     

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       </programlisting>

     

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         <para>

     

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           Alternatively, you can use a systemd unit that does the same in the

     

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           background:

     

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         </para>

     

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         <programlisting>

     

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       # systemctl start nix-gc.service

     

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       </programlisting>

     

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         <para>

     

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           You can tell NixOS in <literal>configuration.nix</literal> to run

     

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           this unit automatically at certain points in time, for instance,

     

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           every night at 03:15:

     

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         </para>

     

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         <programlisting language="bash">

     

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       nix.gc.automatic = true;

     

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       nix.gc.dates = &quot;03:15&quot;;

     

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       </programlisting>

     

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         <para>

     

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           The commands above do not remove garbage collector roots, such as

     

       32
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           old system configurations. Thus they do not remove the ability to

     

       33
       +
           roll back to previous configurations. The following command deletes

     

       34
       +
           old roots, removing the ability to roll back to them:

     

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         </para>

     

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         <programlisting>

     

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       $ nix-collect-garbage -d

     

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       </programlisting>

     

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         <para>

     

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           You can also do this for specific profiles, e.g.

     

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         </para>

     

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         <programlisting>

     

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       $ nix-env -p /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/eelco/profile --delete-generations old

     

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       </programlisting>

     

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         <para>

     

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           Note that NixOS system configurations are stored in the profile

     

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           <literal>/nix/var/nix/profiles/system</literal>.

     

       48
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         </para>

     

       49
       +
         <para>

     

       50
       +
           Another way to reclaim disk space (often as much as 40% of the size

     

       51
       +
           of the Nix store) is to run Nix’s store optimiser, which seeks out

     

       52
       +
           identical files in the store and replaces them with hard links to a

     

       53
       +
           single copy.

     

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         </para>

     

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         <programlisting>

     

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       $ nix-store --optimise

     

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       </programlisting>

     

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         <para>

     

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           Since this command needs to read the entire Nix store, it can take

     

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           quite a while to finish.

     

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         </para>

     

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         <section xml:id="sect-nixos-gc-boot-entries">

     

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           <title>NixOS Boot Entries</title>

     

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           <para>

     

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             If your <literal>/boot</literal> partition runs out of space,

     

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             after clearing old profiles you must rebuild your system with

     

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             <literal>nixos-rebuild</literal> to update the

     

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             <literal>/boot</literal> partition and clear space.

     

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           </para>

     

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         </section>

     

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       </chapter>